PREFACE
This book aims to introduce the student to Energy resources and fundamentals of combustion.
The subject matter of the entire text has been arranged in the most commonly used order of preference and with ten chapters.
The first three chapters deal with Energy resources, nature, Energy relationships in chemical system and the availability analysis.
Chapter four of this text is confined to wood and its analysis as fuel.
Chapter five deal with fossil fuel, its formation and utilization.
Chapter six treats solid fuel, coal formation, uses, coal analysis, conversion and storage. It also touched coal carbonization.
Chapter seven deal with liquid fuel. Crude oil and the distillation process.
Chapter eight concerns itself with the migration of petroleum, form and exploration method.
Chapter nine can classified as dealing with gaseous fuel, reservoirs, well and gas drive reservoirs.
Chapter ten is an exposition of combustion. I also establish the selected applications of air fuel ratio, percentage theoretical air, excess air, actual air and dew point in combustion process.
This book should be useful to undergraduate and graduate students who require a good knowledge of Energy and some of its important applications.
When our students have finished this course I expect them to be conversant with Energy and its utilization. I emphasize physical understanding throughout to make students aware of the variety of phenomena that can occur in fuel technology. I believe that students will feel confident in their ability to tackle energy crises in the society.
The book is also well suited for independent study by students or practicing Engineers.
The readability and clear examples help to build student confidence.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Dedicationiii
Acknowledgement iv
Prefacev
Table of contents vii
Chapter One
Energy Resources1
Sources of Power1
Renewable and non Renewable Energy6
Conservation of Energy10
Chapter Two
The Nature of Energy12
Energy Changes in Chemical Reaction17
Fuels47
Future Energy Sources54
Depletion of Resources59
Chapter Three
Exergy Analysis69
Availability 72
Chapter Four
Wood 79
Physical Properties of Wood81
Heat Values of Wood83
Chapter Five
Fossil Fuels86
Fossil Fuels Formation 87
Environmental Interpretation89
Chapter six
Solid fuels91
Coal91
Schematic Diagram of Coal92
Coal Analysis95
Coal processing99
Atmospheric and Ecological Pollution104
Synthetic Natural Gas from Coal or Petroleum109
Chapter Seven
Liquid Fuels123
Natural and Origin of Petroleum123
Properties of petroleum126
Distillation146
Chapter Eight
Migration149
Type of Migration151
Forms of Migration152
Reservoir158
Chapter Nine
Gaseous Fuels161
End-uses for Nigeria’s Natural Gas182
Chapter Ten
Combustion 185
Analysis by Grass-gravimetric Analysis202
Analysis by volume204
Combustion Process206
