TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................... i
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................................................. iii
DEDICATION .................................................................................................................................. v
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. vi
CHAPTER ONE: Orientation of the study .......................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................1
1.2 Statement of the problem.........................................................................................................3
1.3 Research objectives .................................................................................................................3
1.4 Research questions ..................................................................................................................4
1.5 Significance of the study ..........................................................................................................4
1.6 Limitations of the study ...........................................................................................................5
CHAPTER TWO: Theoretical Framework and Literature Review ..................................................6
2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................6
2.2 Informal settlements and poverty ............................................................................................6
2.3 Origins of informal settlements in Namibia .............................................................................9
2.4 Push and Pull Factors and Rural to Urban Migration ........................................................... 13
2.5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 17
CHAPTER THREE: Research Design and Methodology ............................................................... 18
3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 18
3.2 Research design ..................................................................................................................... 18
3.3 Population ............................................................................................................................. 18
3.4 Sample, sampling procedures and sample size ....................................................................... 18
3.5 Research instruments ............................................................................................................ 19
3.6 The questionnaire .................................................................................................................. 19
3.8 Procedure .............................................................................................................................. 19
3.9 Procedures for data collection ............................................................................................... 20
3.10 Data analysis ........................................................................................................................ 20
3.11 Research ethics .................................................................................................................... 20
3.12 Confidentiality ..................................................................................................................... 21
3.13 Right to privacy ................................................................................................................... 21
3.14 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 21
CHAPTER FOUR : Presentation of Data/Research Findings ......................................................... 22
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 22
4.2 Location of the settlements .................................................................................................... 22
4.3 Demographic characteristics ................................................................................................. 22
4.4 Available services .................................................................................................................. 27
4.5 The sources of Energy used in Hakahana and Wanaheda...................................................... 28
4.6 Livelihood Systems ............................................................................................................ 30
4.7 Ownership of electrical appliance ...................................................................................... 33
4.8 Average number of people per households ......................................................................... 34
4.9 Ownership of vehicles ........................................................................................................ 34
4.10 Money spent on a daily basis ............................................................................................ 34
4.11 Level of Education ........................................................................................................... 35
4.12 The level of sanitation in Hakahana and Wanaheda ........................................................ 37
4.13 A comparison of how respondents obtained building materials in Wanaheda and Hakahana.................................................................................................................................... 38
4.14 The level of financial expenses per day by Wanaheda and Hakahana .................................. 39
4.15 Strategies to deal with informal settlements ......................................................................... 39
4.16 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 39
CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion of Findings ....................................................................................... 41
5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 41
5.2 Discussion of findings ............................................................................................................ 41
5.3 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 45
CHAPTER SIX: Summary and Recommendations ........................................................................ 46
6.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 46
6.2 Summary ............................................................................................................................... 46
6.3 Recommendations ................................................................................................................. 48
6.4 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 49
6.5 Directions for Future Research .............................................................................................. 49
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 50
APPENDIX 1 .................................................................................................................................. 55
APPENDIX 2 .................................................................................................................................. 66
APPENDIX 3 .................................................................................................................................. 67
APPENDIX 4: HAKAHANA MAP ................................................................................................. 72
APPENDIX 5: WANAHEDA MAP ................................................................................................
HAIMBODI, M (2021). A Comparative Study Of Socio-Economic Status And Living Conditions Among Residents Of Wanaheda Formal And Hakahana Informal Settlement. Afribary. Retrieved from https://tracking.afribary.com/works/a-comparative-study-of-socio-economic-status-and-living-conditions-among-residents-of-wanaheda-formal-and-hakahana-informal-settlement
HAIMBODI, MALAKIA "A Comparative Study Of Socio-Economic Status And Living Conditions Among Residents Of Wanaheda Formal And Hakahana Informal Settlement" Afribary. Afribary, 27 Apr. 2021, https://tracking.afribary.com/works/a-comparative-study-of-socio-economic-status-and-living-conditions-among-residents-of-wanaheda-formal-and-hakahana-informal-settlement. Accessed 24 Nov. 2024.
HAIMBODI, MALAKIA . "A Comparative Study Of Socio-Economic Status And Living Conditions Among Residents Of Wanaheda Formal And Hakahana Informal Settlement". Afribary, Afribary, 27 Apr. 2021. Web. 24 Nov. 2024. < https://tracking.afribary.com/works/a-comparative-study-of-socio-economic-status-and-living-conditions-among-residents-of-wanaheda-formal-and-hakahana-informal-settlement >.
HAIMBODI, MALAKIA . "A Comparative Study Of Socio-Economic Status And Living Conditions Among Residents Of Wanaheda Formal And Hakahana Informal Settlement" Afribary (2021). Accessed November 24, 2024. https://tracking.afribary.com/works/a-comparative-study-of-socio-economic-status-and-living-conditions-among-residents-of-wanaheda-formal-and-hakahana-informal-settlement