A GEOELECTRIC SURVEY OF UNDERGROUNDWATER AT AL-QALAM UNIVERSITY KATSINA CLINIC USING VERTICAL ELECTRICAL SOUNDING

ABSTRACT

Electrical resistivity method employing vertical electrical sounding was carried out in September, 2018 with aim to investigate favorable area for good groundwater potential. Four points were selected around the University clinic and female hostel for vertical electrical sounding (VES) using schlumberger configuration. Maximum current electrode separation of 160m to 200m was used. The investigation was carried out using Terrameter Allied Ohmega. The survey was able to investigate groundwater static level of the area which is about 10 to 13m, thickness and resistivity of the prevailing lithologies, also the survey was able to determine the suitable site for sinking of boreholes. The most suitable sites for borehole drilling are AKC2, AKC3, and AKC4 which are having greater groundwater potentials. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page………………………………………………………………………………………. i

Declaration………………………………………………………………………………ii

Certification…………………………………………………………………………..iii

Dedication…………………………………………………………………………….iv

Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………….v

Abstract………………………………………………………………………………..vi

Table of contents…………………………………………………………vii_viii

List of figures…………………………………………………………………………ix

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………..1

1.2 Geophysics and Groundwater…………………………………...2

1.3 Statement of the problem…………………………………………..3

1.4 Scope and limitation…………………………………………………….3

1.5 Justification of the research………………………………………..4

1.6 Study area…………………………………,...............…………………….4

1.6.1 Location of the study area………………….........……………..4

1.6.2 Climate of the study area…………………………………………5-6

1.6.3 Geology and hydrology of the study area …..………….7

1.7 Aim and objectives of the study………………....………………9

1.7.1 Aim of the study…………………….................…………………….9

1.7.2 Objectives of the study…………………………………………………9

CHAPTER TWO: LITERITURE REVIEW

2.1 Previous works………………………………………………………………10

2.2 Principles of Resistivity Method………………………………….11

2.3 Theory of D.C Resistivity Method………………....…………..12

CHAPTER THREE: INTRUMENTATION, FIELD PROCEDURE AND DATA COLLECTION 

3.1 Instrumentation……………………………………………………………14

3.2 Field procedure and data collection………....…………14-17

3.3 Vertical electrical sounding (ves)……………....………………17

3.4 Choice of electrode configuration ….............……………..18

3.4.1The schlumberger electrode configuration….…………...18

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PROCESSING AND INTERPRETATION

4.1Data Processing……………………………………………...……….......20

4.2 Data Interpretation…………………………………………………..…20-22

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECCOMMENDATION

5.1 Summary………………………………………………………………………………..23

5.2Conclusion…………………………………………………...………….......23

5.3Recommendation………………………………….....………………….24

 REFERENCE……………………………………………………………………..25-26

APPENDIX………………………………………………………………………..27-28

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig 1.1 Map of Nigeria indicating the study Area

Fig. 1.2: Location of the study Area (Google map)

Fig 2.1: Schematic illustration of basic concept of electrical resistivity measurement 

Fig 3.1: the ALLIED OHMEGA SAS 300 Terrameter.

Fig 3.2: Data sheet for recording the field data (schlumberger array)

Fig 3.3 the schlumberger array

Fig 4.1 Geologic section of VES points.