A Qualitative Study on the Ethical Dilemmas Faced by Practicing Clinical Psychologists in Ghana

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to investigate ethical dilemmas experienced by 20 clinical psychologists in Ghana and the various measures they employ in the resolution of these dilemmas. The qualitative method using a semi structured interview guide and two vignettes were used to investigate ethical dilemmas faced in professional practice.  The main dilemmas include those arising from third party and privacy interferences, dual relationships, fees, motive as against moral issues, policies and practices that conflict with ethical guidelines, competence and client expectations, manipulation of the therapist and cultural competence. Likewise, when resolving ethical dilemmas, professionals draw on several sources including their professionalism, bricolage of values and consultation. Using the above resolution dynamics, they encountered some facilitating factors and impediments. The study observes that these dilemmas and the dynamics of resolving them are expressed within the general cultural context of Ghana and the professional culture within which the psychologist is socialized. Recommendations to assist clinical psychologists in dealing with the various dilemmas are presented from the context-specific ethical issues found from the study such as; to develop legally binding code of ethics and training psychologists and other health professionals to be culturally sensitive. It is concluded that this work could inform the development of ethical regulations in Ghana.