African Union Operations and Sustainability of Peace Building in Mogadishu Somalia

ABSTRACT 

The study examined the role African union operations and sustainability of peace building in Mogadishu-Somalia. The objectives of the study were to; to investigate the sustainability of peace building in Mogadishu-Somalia, to examine the effectiveness of African Union intervention Peace building in Mogadishu-Somalia and to analyse the relationship between African Union peace operations and peace building in Mogadishu Somalia. The research used a descriptive design, descriptive co relational, cross sectional and survey designs. It was descriptive in that it described the characteristics of respondents in collecting data from the study population totaling 356 respondents. Sampling technique was used to select the sample of 188 respondents from Mogadishu, Somalia, Ministry of interior affairs committee, other community members, Parliament committee, Local government committee were interviewed. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis option of SPSS, and was then presented using Pearson correlation. It was found out that; males greatly participated in the study as represented by 58.5% whereas 41.4% of the respondents were females; implying that African union peace operation in Somalia involved males as they are known of their strong influence and ability in resolving conflict compared to females. Further findings revealed, based on the findings detailed from the respondent, AU has made an important and substantial contribution to improving the security situation in Somalia. This relates to the seizure of Mogadishu from ai-Shabaab in 2011. This turn of events was facilitated by several factors, including the 2010 authorization of an increase in AU troop numbers, which increased the manpower of the mission. The study recommends that a shortage of funds prevents the AU from producing a substantial peacekeeping mission. This reality therefore prescribes the AU to investigate more economically efficient means of attaining peace; mediation has proven promising in this regard as has peace building and preventative diplomacy. Also for regionalism to take hold there must be some economic interdependency. African union in this vain requires the AU membership to maintain the development of infrastructure and economic interdependency between members. However, a large caveat to this is infrastructure in Africa most likely originates from foreign investment overseas. This requires AU membership to be economically dependent upon foreign investment rather than being interdependent upon each other.

TABlE Of CONTENTS

DECLARATION .......................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL ................................................................................................................ ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................... iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... iv

CHAPTER ONE ......................•••••..•.........................................•........................... 1

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1

1.0 Introduction ................................ ; ...................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ..................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 Historical Perspective ....................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 Theoretical Perspective .................................................................................... 3

1.1.3 Conceptual perspective .................................................................................... 4

1.1.4 Contextual Perspective ..................................................................................... 5

1.2 The Statement of the Problem ............................................................................. 7

1.3 Purpose of the study ........................................................................................... 8

1.5 Objectives of the study ....................................................................................... 8

1.4 Research Questions ............................................................................................ 8

1.5 Null Hypothesis of the study ................................................................................ 8

1.6 Scope of the Study ............................................................................................. 8

1.6.1 Geographical Scope ......................................................................................... 8

in Mogadishu Somalia .............................................................................................. 8

1.5.2 Content scope ................................................................................................. 9

1.5.3 Time scope ..................................................................................................... 9

1.6 Significance of the study .................................................................................... 10 

CHAPTER TWO ............................................................•................................... 11

liTERATURE REVIEW . . . .. . . . . . . ... . . . ...... .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . .. .. . . . 11

2.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 11

2.1 Theoretical perspective ...................................................................................... 11

2.2 Conceptual frame work showing the relationship between African Union Operations (IV) and peace building (DV) .................... 13

2.3 Related Studies ................................................................................................. 29

CHAPTER THREE ..................................................................................................... 33

METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................... 33

3.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 33

3. 2 Research population .......................................................................................... 33

3. 3 Sample Size ...................................................................................................... 34

3.5 Research Instrument ......................................................................................... 35

3.8 Data Analysis .................................................................................................... 36

3.10 Limitations of the Study ................................................................................... 37

CHAPTER FOUR ...................•..•.................................................................... 38

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Of RESULTS ................. 38

4.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 38

4.1 Background Characteristics of the respondents .................................................... 38

4.2 Sustainability of Peace Building .......................................................................... 41

4.3 Objective Two: The effectiveness of African Union intervention Peace building in Mogadishu-Somalia .................... 45

4.3.1 Effectiveness of African Union intervention Peace building ................................ .45

4.4 Objective Three: the relationship between African Union operations and peace building ................... 48 

CHAPTER fiVE .............................................................•.................................. 50

5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 50

5.2 Summary of key findings .................................................................................... so

An analysis of African Union efficacy in making and keeping the peace in Somalia

REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ SS

APPENDIX I ............................................................................................................ 64

APPENDIX II ........................................................................................................... 65

APPENDIX III .......................................................................................................... 66