An Evaluation of Police in Violation of Human Rights in Uganda A Case Study of Kampala District

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Declaration ....................................................................................................................................... i

Approval ......................................................................................................................................... i i

Dedication ...................................................................................................................................... iii

Acknowledgement. ......................................................................................................................... i v

List of Acronyms/ Abbreviations ..................................................................................................... v

List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ ix

Abstract. .......................................................................................................................................... x

CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... I

1.1 Background of the problem ........................................................................................................ I

1.2 Statement of the problem ........................................................................................................... 7

1.3 Objectives of the study ............................................................................................................... 8

1.4 Research questions .................................................................................................................... 8

1.5 Significance of the study ............................................................................................................ 9

1.6 Scope of the study ...................................................................................................................... 9

CHAPTER TWO ......................................................................................................................... 10

LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................... 10

2.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. I 0

CHAPTER THREE ..................................................................................................................... 28

METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................................... 28

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION ......................................... 28

3.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 28

3 .I Conceptual Framework. ........................................................................................................... 28

3.2 Types of information relevant to violation of Human Rights .................................................... 29

3 .2.1 Information from Physical Evidence; .................................................................................... 30

3.2.2 Information from people, victims and suspects ...................................................................... 30

3.2.3 Eye witness and identification ............................................................................................... 32

3.3 Demographic Characteristics (Profiles) of Respondents ........................................................... 33

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3.3.1 Gender Categories ofRespondents ........................................................................................ 33

3.3.2 Age Categories of the Respondents ....................................................................................... 34

3.3.3 Working Experience of the Respondents ............................................................................... 34

3.4 Human Rights violation profile of the area of study .................................................................. 35

3.5 Research Designs ..................................................................................................................... 36

3.6 Research Population ................................................................................................................ 36

3.7 Sample Size ............................................................................................................................. 36

3.8 Sampling Procedure!fechniques .............................................................................................. 3 7

3.9 Study Instruments!fools of Data Collection ............................................................................. 37

3.9.1 Questionnaire ........................................................................................................................ 37

3.9.2 Interviews ............................................................................................................................. 37

3.9.3 Observation .......................................................................................................................... 38

3.10 Data Control and Measurement. ............................................................................................. 38

3.11 Data Processing and Analysis ................................................................................................ 38

3.12 Ethical considerations ............................................................................................................ 38

3.13 Study Limitations .................................................................................................................. 38

CHAPTER FOUR ....................................................................................................................... 40

STRUCTURE AND PRACTICES: THE UGANDA POLICE FORCE .................................... 40

4.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 40

4.1 Structure and organization of the police force .......................................................................... 42

4.2 Training and joining of the police force .................................................................................... 44

4.3 Accountability ......................................................................................................................... 44

4.4 Functions of the police ............................................................................................................. 45

4.5 Arrests ..................................................................................................................................... 46

4.6 Operational practices ofpolice ................................................................................................. 48

4.7 Judgment of social value .......................................................................................................... 48

4.8 Rapid police decision making .................................................................................................. 49

4.9 Police discretion ...................................................................................................................... 49

4.10 Circumstances under which police use unlawful force ............................................................ 50

4.10.1 The use of fire arms ............................................................................................................ 50

4.10.2 Search and seizure .............................................................................................................. 55

4.10.3 Police in interrogations and confessions during detention .................................................... 56

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4.11 Factors contributing to impunity ............................................................................................ 58

4.12 The major role of the police in investigations of such offences ............................................... 59

4.13 Lack of information on human rights abuse by police officers ................................................ 60

4.14 Not so democratic a police force ............................................................................................ 61

4.15 The effect of a compromised judiciary ................................................................................... 61

CHAPTER FIVE ......................................................................................................................... 63

CONCLUSION, CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................ 63

5.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 63

5.1 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 63

5.2 Challenges of Ensuring the Observation of Human Rights in Kampala district. ........................ 65

5.2.3 Lack of adequate logistical, technical and financial resources: ............................................... 65

5.3 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 66

5.3.1 Massive sensitization ............................................................................................................ 66

5.3.2 Availability of adequate funding ........................................................................................... 66

5.3.4 Poor remuneration ................................................................................................................ 67

5.3.5 Review oflaws relating to the Human Rights violations ........................................................ 68

5.4 Further Research ...................................................................................................................... 68

REFERENCES; ........................................................................................................................... 69

Statutes; ........................................................................................................................................ 70

Web sources; ................................................................................................................................. 70

Newspaper Articles; ...................................................................................................................... 70

APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................. 71

APPENDIX I ................................................................................................................................ 71

APPENDIX II ............................................................................................................................... 76

APPENDIX III .............................................................................................................................. 77

Observation Guide (Checklist) ....................................................................................................... 77

APPENDIX IV .............................................................................................................................. 78

Proposed budget for proposal and report writing ............................................................................ 78

APPENDIX V ............................................................................................................................... 79

TIME FRAME FOR RESEARCH REPORT ................................................................................. 79