ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS ON BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION. A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH WESTERN UGANDA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION

APPROVAL

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ABSTRACT ix

CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background of the study 1

1.1.1. International management of the environment 2

1.1.2. Role of law in environmental management 3

1.1.3. Basic Environmental Management Laws and Polices of Developed Countries 5

.1.4. Environmental management polices and laws in Third developed countries 8

1,1.5. Environmental management policies and the law in Kenya 9

1.1.6. Defects of Present Environmental laws Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2 Statement of problem 21

1.3 Purpose of the study 23

1.4 Objectives of the study 23

1.5 Research question 23

1.6 Significance of the study 23

1.7 Scope of the study 24

1.7.1 Subject scope 24

1.7.2 Geographical scope 25

1.7.3 Time scope 25

1.8 Conceptual framework 26

CHAPTER TWO 27

LITERATURE REVIEW 27

2.1 RELATED LITERATURE AND SURVEY ON BIODIVERSITY IN UGANDA 27

2.2 Uganda’s obligation on biodiversity conservation at international level 28

2.3 The legal frame work for biodiversity conservation in Uganda 29

2.4 Institutional arrangement for biodiversity management in Uganda 31

2.5.0 Status of global biodiversity 32

2.5.1. Status of biodiversity conservation in Uganda 32

2.5.2 Challenges on biodiversity conservation in Uganda 33

2.5.3 Opportunities for biodiversity conservation in Uganda 33

2.5.4 Forest biodiversity in Uganda 34

CHAPTER THREE 35

RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES 35

3.0 Introduction 35

3.1 Research design 35

3.2 Study population 35

3.3 Sampling design 36

3.4 Sample size 36

3.5 Sampling procedure 36

3.6 Study variables 37

3.7 Sources of data 37

3.7.1 Secondary data collection 37

3.7.2 Primary data collection 37

3.8 Methods of data collection and instruments used 37

3.8.1 Questionnaires 37

3.8.2 Interviews 38

3.8.3 Observation 38

3.9 Data processing analysis and presentation 38

3.9.1 Data processing 38

3.9.2 Data analysis 38

3.9.3 Data presentation 38

4.0 Ethical considerations 39

CHAPTER FOUR 40

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND DISCUSSIONS 40

4.0 Introduction 40

4.1 Background characteristics of respondents 40

4.1.1 Respondents by sex 40

4.1.2 Respondents by age 40

4.6 The strategies that are being employed to cope with strengthen and improve on the fairness, the implementation of environmental laws and policies for biodiversity conservation 47

CHAPTER FIVE 51

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 51

5.0 Introduction 51

5.0 Discussion of findings 51

5.1.0 Knowledge of the people on the existing environmental laws and policies 51

5.1.1 The positive impacts of environmental laws on biodiversity conservation 51

5.1.2 The negative impacts of environmental laws on biodiversity conservation 52

5.1 .3 The strategies that can be employed to strengthen the implementation of environmental laws and policies for biodiversity conservation 53

5.2 Conclusions 54

5.3 Recommendations 55

5.4 Recommended areas for further studies 56

APPENDIX I 60

STRUCTURED QUESTIONAIRES FOR IND1VIDUALS AND THE COMMUNITIES. 60

APPENDIX 2: Key informant interview guide 64

APPENDIX 3: Table for determining the sample size of the population 65

ABSTRACT 

The study focused on the impacts of environmental laws on biodiversity conservation with reference to South Western part of Uganda, with efforts focused on finding out the positive and negative impacts of such environmental laws on biodiversity conservation. The study involved authority bodies, policymakers such as protected area managers, environmental officers, local chiefs, implementation and enforcement bodies and the general public at large.