Conflict-Migration Nexus In Ghana: A Case Of Bimbilla Conflict In The Northern Region Of Ghana

ABSTRACT

The study examined the relationship between conflict and migration. Specifically, the factors that influence a person‟s decision to either stay or migrate during the conflict were the focus of this study. The study also analyzed the challenges and opportunities encountered by victims of the conflict and the reasons for their return to Bimbilla. Using both qualitative and quantitative research techniques, a total of 226 questionnaires were administered to persons who fled during the violence and have returned to Bimbilla, and persons who stayed during the violence. The study found that target attacks/killing, deteriorated economic activities as a result of the conflict, fear of gunshots and bullets were the main reasons for migrating. People stayed in the midst of the conflict even though circumstances of the conflict suggested they migrate. Uncertainty about challenges at destinations, the perception of not belonging to any of the conflicting factions, familial reasons such as large family size, aged relatives, and marriage were the main factors that prevented people from migrating during the conflict. The findings also suggested that interventions by the government were aimed at restoring peace without taking into account the basic needs of the affected victims. The study demonstrated that regardless of whether a person migrates and returns to post-conflict areas or stayed during a conflict, all face challenges such as economic, accommodation, and psychological trauma. Based on the findings of the study, peace campaign should be promoted in the community. It is recommended that interventions should aim at providing basic needs such as food and accommodation to victims of the conflict. Also, the government should establish a permanent security post consisting of both military and police to ensure that lives and properties are protected.