Construction and characterizations of solar energy water heater

Abstract

Humans have been harnessing solar energy for thousands of years—to grow crops, stay warm, and dry foods. According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, “more energy from the sun falls on the earth in one hour than is used by everyone in the world in one year.” Today, we use the sun’s rays in many ways—to heat homes and businesses, to warm water, or power devices.

Solar, or photovoltaic (PV), cells are made from silicon or other materials that transform sunlight directly into electricity. Distributed solar systems generate electricity locally for homes and businesses, either through rooftop panels or community projects that power entire neighborhoods. Solar farms can generate power for thousands of homes, using mirrors to concentrate sunlight across acres of solar cells. Floating solar farms—or “floatovoltaics”—can be an effective use of wastewater facilities and bodies of water that aren’t ecologically sensitive.  

Table of content

Contents

Table of content1

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY3

1.1.1 RENEWABLE ENERGY4

1.2STATEMENT OF PROBLEM4

1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES4

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY5

1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY5

1.6ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF SOLAR ENERGY5

1.7 LIMITATIONS6

CHAPTER 27

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW7

2.1 SOLAR ENERGY7

2.1.1 IMPORTANCE OF SOLAR ENERGY10

2.2 SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM10

2.2.1 HISTORY10

2.2.2 ENERGY PRODUCTION11

2. 3 SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTOR11

2.3.1 Flat-plate collectors:12

2.3.2 Compound parabolic collectors13

2.3.3 Evacuated Tube Collector13

2.4 SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM PRODUCTION SPECIFICATIONS14

2.4.1 THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF SOLAR WATER HEATER15

2.5 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM15

CHAPTER THREE16

3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY16

3.1. Materials and Method16

Selection of materials17

3.2 working principle of water heater18

CHAPTER FOUR20

REFERENCES21

Table of Figures

Table of Figures2

CHAPTE33R ONE2

Figure 1: An example of flat plate collector (FPC)12

Figure 2: An example of a compound parabolic Collector13

Figure 3: An example of evacuated tube14

Figure 4 Block diagram of the system19

4.0CONCLUSIONS20