Design And Construction Of A Gsm-Based Gas Leakage Detector For Use In Residential Area

ABSTRACT

In urban areas, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a leading source of fuel because it is clean compared to kerosene, charcoal and firewood. Due to increase in its use, there is always danger of gas leakage which pose great danger to lives and property due to highly flammable nature of the gas. Cases of gas explosions has been on the rise and thus the need for development of a fast response and high accurate GSM based gas detection system. The developed device is a gas detector using an MQ-6 gas sensor (with gas detection range of 300-l0000ppm), ATMEGA328 microcontroller as the control unit, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) for displaying gas status, a Buzzer as an alarm, two Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) with colour green (to indicate no gas leakage) and colour red (to indicate detection of gas leakage). The overall architecture of the design suits its purpose with incorporated special feature which is the GSM module. This on detection of leakage send an SMS to the users coded phone number. The microcontroller senses the presence of a gas when the voltage signal from the MQ-6 sensor goes beyond a certain level and gives an audio-visual alarm. The microcontroller is programed using C++ / C programing language and all the peripherals connected to it through its pins. The device has a two-way powering system which is connected to the Alternating CmTent (AC) mains and a Direct Current power supply keeping it powered during power failure. When the system is powered the sensor calibrates while the LCD displays a welcome note for a 10 to 15 seconds period. The microcontroller lit the green LED to show the absence of a gas leakage. In the presence of LPG gas, the sensor conductivity increases and the characteristic of the sensor is that at 2.0V output from the sensor, the gas concentration is 300ppm, thus the trigger level is 2.0V. Therefore, the GSM microcontroller based gas leakage detector and MQ-6 sensor is able to detect gas leakage concentration from 300ppm and give an audio-visual signal.