Design and Optimization of W-Tailored Optical Fiber

ABSTRACT 

This research work studies the temperature effects in W-shaped core refractive index optical fiber. The work designs an optimized W-tailored optical fiber (OWTOF) that checks the effect of rising temperatures in W-tailored optical fiber (WTOF) for better communication. Initially, an introduction to the general concept of optical fibers including tailored optical fibers (TOF), temperature effects and models is presented as a background. This is followed by studies on existing literature on optical fibers where a gap is identified. The gap is that; temperature rise in communication fibers is challenging the use of tailored fibers through unnecessary distortion and delay in information. Also, fiber design is limited in scope because of existing design practice. Thus the need to optimize fibers for better communication. To fill in this gap, a three stage optimization process is designed and a methodology for achieving this optimization for the benefit of telecommunication systems and services is presented. Here, a regularly varying function is introduced in the geometry of WTOF for the temperature parameter leading to the design of the OWTOF. Finally, analytical and numerical simulations covering the performance of the OWTOF in relation to WTOF are stated and proven. Additionally, six research questions and remarks are answered. A major result of this work shows that the OWTOF is a better fiber for controlling temperature rises than the WTOF at a propagation distance around one unit. Hence, better suited for communication without distortion and delay compared to WTOF in this region. Finally, the research work concludes with three recommendations for improving this work for better communication.

Table Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Optical Fiber Technology (OFT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.2 Historical Development of OFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.3 W-Tailored Optical Fiber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.4 Temperature Rise in WTOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.5 Temperature Models in WTOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.5.1 Observation on Existing Temperature Models . . . . . . . . . 11

1.6 Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.7 Aim of the Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.8 Objectives of the Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.9 Research Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.10 Significance of the Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.11 Scope and Limitation of the Research: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1.12 Definition of Terms: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

2 Literature Review 17

2.1 Optical Fiber Networks (OFN): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

2.2 Fiber Management System: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

2.3 Optical Fiber Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

2.4 Tailored Optical Fibers (TOFs): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

2.5 Optimizing TOFs: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

2.6 Literature Gap: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3 Methodology 26

3.1 Objective 1: Optimization strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

3.2 Objective 2: Model Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3.2.1 Basic Assumptions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

3.2.2 The Optimized Temperature Model (OWTOF) . . . . . . . . 30

3.2.3 Model Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

3.3 Objective 3: Performance Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

3.4 Contribution to Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4 Results and Discussions 33

4.1 Research Question 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

4.2 Research Question 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

4.3 Research Question 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

4.4 Numerical Simulations and Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4.5 Fiber Effects in OWTOF and WTOF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

4.6 Research Question 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

4.7 Research Question 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

4.8 Research Question 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

5 Recommendations and Conclusion 47

5.1 Summary of the Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

5.2 Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

5.2.1 Recommendation Arising from Objective 1 . . . . . . . . . . . 48

5.2.2 Recommendation Arising from Objective 2 . . . . . . . . . . . 48

5.2.3 Recommendation Arising from Objective 3 . . . . . . . . . . . 49

5.3 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49