DESIGN OF MANUAL CHIP PACKAGING MACHINE

ABSTRACT
Packaging of food which is viable means of  business opportunity has been exploited by individuals and corporate bodies for a very long time because the importance of packaging food products are very enormous ranging from protection of the product to preventing the food from spoiling. There is no way one can successfully go into business of chips production without exploiting a proper means of packaging the product. Over the years, different types of packaging machines have been developed ranging from Automatic packaging machine to Semi-Automatic Packaging machine. These machines are very costly to purchase for low income earners or people with low start up capital that wish to go into the business of chip packaging. Thus this design project work was carried out to design a low cost manual chip packaging machine that people with low start up capital can afford. The detailed design was provided and the machine was eventually fabricated for operation and from the testing of the machine, it was observed that the machine can package about 30 chips package for twenty five minutesTABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1Aims and objectives
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Relevance of the project
1.4 Scope and limitation of study
1.5 Methodology

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review
2.1 Packaging
2.2 General sealing information used in packaging of chips
2.2.2 Cold seal films
2.2.3 Heat seal films
2.3 Factors to be considered in producing a sealed package
2.3.1 Heat
2.3.2 Dwell
2.3.4 Pressure
2.3.5 Heat - dwell - pressure
2.3.6 Temperature
2.4 Films used for packaging
2.4.1 Polypropylene (pp – opp) film
2.4.2 Polyester (pet) film
2.4.3 Polyethylene (pe) film
2.5 Related mathematical formula
2.5.1 Equation to calculate the area of the packaging jaw, a
2.5.2 Equation to calculate the minimum force to be applied, fmin
2.5.3 Equation to calculate the maximum pressure to be applied for packaging, pmax
2.5.4 Equation to calculate the direct stress, σn
2.5.5 Equation to calculate the maximum stress, τmax
2.5.6 Equation to calculate the regulated pressure, pr
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Detailed design and construction procedures
3.1 Part design
3.2 Design specifications and consideration
3.3 Design calculations
3.3.1 Determination of the area of the packaging jaw, a
3.3.2 Determination of the minimum force to be applied, fmin
      3.3.3 Determination of the maximum pressure to be applied for packaging, pmax
3.3.4 Determination of the direct stress, σn
3.3.5 Determination of the maximum stress, τmax
3.3.6 Determination of the regulated air pressure, pr
3.4. Construction details
3.4.1 The packaging jaw
The frame
3.5 Detailed mechanical drawing of the manual chip packaging machine
3.6 Materials required and selection
CHAPTER FOUR
     4.0 Test and result
4.1 Test procedure
4.2 Test results
    4.3    Table of values of the design parameters
  Safety precaution
    4.5 Operational procedure
4.6 Maintenance
  4.7 bill of engineering measurements and evaluation
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 conclusion and recommendation
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
  REFERENCES