Determination of the Characteristic Strength Properties of Mild Steel Reinforcement in Ilorin Metropolis

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.0       Introduction                                                                            1

1.2    Statement of the Problem                                                        3

1.3    Aim and Objectives of the Study                                              4

1.4    Justification of the Study                                                        4

1.5    Scope of the Study                                                                  4

1.6    Proposed Methodology                                                            4

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review                                                                       5

2.1 Nigerian Steel Industry (Historical Development)                        5

2.2 Engineering Materials and Properties                                         7

2.2.1 Cement and Concrete                                                             8

2.2.2 Aggregates and Sand                                                              8

2.2.4 Steel                                                                                       9

2.2.3 Timber and Plywood                                                                10

2.3 Strength of Materials                                                                 10

2.3.1 Stiffness                                                                                 11

2.3.2 Elasticity                                                                                11

2.3.3 Ductility                                                                                 11

2.3.4 Brittleness                                                                              12

2.3.5 Malleability                                                                             12

2.3.6 Toughness                                                                              12

2.3.7 Resilience                                                                               13

2.4 Stress and Strain                                                                       13

2.5 Steel Reinforcement                                                                   15

25.1 Grades and Strength                                                               16

2.5.2 Types of Reinforcement                                                           18

2.6 Prestressing Steel                                                                       19

2.7    Other Tests that can be Carried Out on Steel Reinforcement         20

2.7.1 Impact Test                                                                             20

2.7.2 Creep                                                                                     21

2.7.3 Compression Test                                                                    22

 2.7.4 Fatigue                                                                                  23

2.8    Effect of Carbon Content                                                         24

2.9    Effect of Tempering                                                                 25

CHAPTER THREE

3.0    Materials and Methodology                                                     26

3.1     Measurement of Steel Bars                                                     26

3.1.1  Micrometer Screw Gauge                                                       26

3.2     Shaping of Specimen                                                             28

3.2.1  Lathe Machine                                                                       28

3.3      Tensile Strength Test                                                             28

3.3.1  The Tensometer                                                                     28

3.3.2   Principle of Operation                                                           30

3.3.3   General Beam Specification                                                  31

3.3.4   Metric Turned Tensile Test Pieces                                          32

CHAPTER ONE

1.0   INTRODUCTION

        Steel is a man-made material containing 95% of iron. The remaining constituent are small amount of element derived from the raw-material use in the making of the steel, as well as other element added to improve certain characteristics or properties of the product (Marcus, 1964). Steel reinforcement are used generally in the form of bars of circular cross-section in concrete structure. They are like a skeleton in human body. Plain concrete without steel or any other reinforcement is strong in compression but weak in tension. Steel is one of the best forms of reinforcement to take care of those stresses and to strengthen concrete to bear all kinds of load. In steel reinforcement transverse is very important. They not only take care of structural reinforcement but also help main reinforcement remain in desired positions. They play a very significant role abrupt changes or reversal of stresses like earthquake etc. (www.acclimited.com).