Effects Of Stocking Density On The Production Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) In Floating Net Cages On The Volta Lake

Abstract

Stocking density is an important factor affecting fish production in cages. However,

information related to its impact on the growth performance of Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus fingerlings during cage culture under the ecological conditions of the Volta Lake in

Ghana is limited. Hence, healthy Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings (2.12 ± 0.02 g) were

randomly stocked in triplicate 8 m3 cages at densities of 50 fish/m3, 100 fish/m3 and 150

fish/m3 and fed a commercially extruded diet (30% Crude Protein) to evaluate their growth

and economic feasibility. After 177 days of culture, differences in growth (weight gain and

final weights) at these densities were significant (p < 0.05). Fish stocked at 50 fish /m3

exhibited the highest average weight gain (271.98 ± 0.39 g) while fish stocked at 150 fish/

m3 had the lowest (169.15 ± 0.49 g). There were significant effects (p < 0.05) of stocking

density on daily weight gain, specific growth rate and survival rates. Moreover, the feed

conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were significantly affected by stocking densities

(p < 0.05). However, differences in daily weight gain, specific growth rates, condition factor

and profit index were not significant (p > 0.05) between the 100 fish/m3 and 150 fish/m3

treatments. The production (10.697 - 22.48 kg/m3), net yield (84.55 – 177.25 kg/cage) and

gross profits (GH₵ 63.73 – 229.8) showed significant (p < 0.05) increase with higher

stocking densities. Apart from dissolved oxygen which declined below optimal

concentrations in February 2012, the levels of water quality parameters measured remained

within suitable ranges for Nile tilapia growth throughout the experiment. The study

demonstrated that cage farmers can utilize stocking densities of 50 fish/m3 and 150 fish/m3

effectively for larger size demand over a six months period and augmented production

respectively.