Efforts of Somali Central Government in Fighting against Corruption in Ogadishu, Somalia

ABSTRACT 

The main objective of this study was to investigate efforts of Somali Central Government in Fighting against corruption in Mogadishu, Somalia. Specifically to determine the extent of corruption in Somali central government, to determine the main causes of corruption in Somali central government and to indentify efforts, challenges and finding possible solutions of how to mitigate corruption in Somali central government in Mogadishu, Somalia. The sample size of this study was eighty (80) respondents including government officials and civil society organization staff. In this study the sample was reached through the Slovin’s formula. The study was conducted through descriptive research design and used questionnaires as the main tools for collecting data. The questionnaire was consisting of structured and self administered with closed questions. Data was analyzed by assessing the frequency of respondents per question. Questions addressed particular theme and followed the sequence which was analyzed. Tabulated frequencies and necessary analysis was made using Excel and SPSS computing program to present the quantitative data analyses. The study found that the level of corruption has been increasing in central government agencies and corruption does not only exist in political sphere but also in the Administration level in Somali central government agencies. The main causes of corruption in Somali central government in Mogadishu are: lack of transparency and accountability, nepotism and favoritism in employment with no regard to competence and equal employment opportunities and poorly paid salary structure in the public sector. The study found that there are efforts, challenges and suggested solutions in order to fight corruption: The newly appointed cabinet started with better revenue collection and controlling systems to deter corruption, it’s difficult to eradicate corruption in country with strong tribal system, creating National anti-corruption bodies and policies and Strong penalty to corruption practitioners. The study recommends that: the government should establish National anti-corruption policy, better Public Fund Management and accountability, strong penalty to corrupt individuals and to create independent detective personnel.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter Page

One THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 6

Purpose of the Study 6

Objectives of the study 6

General objective 6

Specific objectives 7

Research Questions 7

Hypothesis 7

Scope of the study 7

Significance of the Study 8

Operational definition of variables 8

Conceptual framework 10

Two REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 11

Introduction 11

Concepts, Opinions, Ideas from Authors/Experts 11

Central government 16

Media and true corruption cases 16

Corruption is country’s worst-kept secret 18

Security 18

Clan dynamics 22

Nepotism and favoritism 23

Diaspora support network 24

Low levels of public wages and services 24

Challenges facing collective action to fight corruption 25

Types of corruption 26

Forms of corruption 27

Causes of corruption 29

Effects of corruption 29

Three METHODOLOGIES 32

Introduction 32

Research Design 32

Research Population 32

Sampling size 33

Sampling design 34

Sampling procedure 34

Research Instrument 34

Questionnaire 34

Validity and reliability of the instrument 35

Data gathering procedure 35

Ethical considerations 35

Data analysis 36

Limitations of the study 36

Four PRESENTATION, ANALYIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 37

Introduction 37

Description of respondents 37

Section one Profile of respondents 38

Section two Question one 41

Section three Question two 42

Section four Question Three 44

Five FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMANDATION 46

Findings 46

Conclusions 49

Recommendations 51

References 53

Appendices 56

Appendix I - Transmittal Letter 56

Appendix II - Research Instrument 57

Appendix III calculation of content of validity index 63

Appendix IV Interpretation of means 65

Researchers Curriculum Vitae 66