Evaluation of Anti Poisoning and Protective Properties of Elaeis O/Eifera Kernel Extract in Orally Organophosphate Poisoned Albino Rats

ABSTRACT Hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress are some of the molecular mechanism of Dichlorvos toxicity. This study aims at dertermining the antipoisoning and protective properties of Elaeis oleifera palm oil extract in orally dichlorvos poisoned albino rats. 35 rats were divided into seven groups each containig five rats served as subject for this study. The dose of Dichlorvos used was 1120 of the LDso (25mglkg) and concentration of 0.0 I g diluted in I OOml of distilled water, the dose of palm oil used was 4mllkg and that of ascorbic acid was lOOmglkg, volume administered was calculated using this formular Volume= weight of rat (g)x dose (mg/kg). Concentration of extract (mg/ml) x 1000 The experiment was conducted for a period of 14 days, group 1 were poisoned for one week followed by palm kernel oil the second week, group 2 were pre-treated with palm kernel oil then poisoned after 30 minutes, group 3 were poisoned then post-treated with palm kernel oil after 30 minutes, group 4 were simultan~ously !JOisoned and treated with palm kernel oil, group 5 were poisoned only, group 6 (positive control) were poisoned then post-treated with Ascorbic acid, group 7 (negative control) distilled water was administered only. Palm kernel oil mitigated and ameliorated the cholinergic toxic signs in rats pre and post treated as seen in group treated with Ascorbic acid. ALT, AST, ALP, GGT and ALB values were significantly low in group 5 but they were higher in pre and post treated groups and within range when compared to the controls. Haematological indices WBC, HCT, Hb, MCHC, MCV and PLT were significantly low in group 5 when compared to the pre and post treated groups as well to the controls but there was no significant changes in RBC and MPV when group 5 was compared to the other groups. this study found that palm oil was able to treat the toxicity induced by dichlorvos (organophosphate poison) 1 in orally poisoned albino rats and also it does offer some protection as it showed significant effect in both pre and post treated rats by ameliorating and mitigating OP signs and symptoms as well as correcting the abnormal biochemical and heamatological changes caused by the poison. Key words: Elaeis oleifera, palm kernel oil, Dichlorvos, Ascorbic acid, Organophosphate, biochemical and heamatological parameters.