Examining Public Private Partnership in Nigeria: potentials and challenges

ABSTRACT 

Public  Private  Partnership  has  been  said  to  be  a  long  term  agreement  between  a government agency and a private partner for the delivery of goods or services with both party sharing in the risks and rewards inherent in  the delivery of the  goods or  service which include financial risks and responsibilities. Public Private Partnership is an answer to the high demand for infrastructure which is at an  all  time  high  which  is  not  being  currently  met  by  traditional  contracting  methods. Private  companies  in  conjunction  with  the  Public  sector  or  one  of  its  branches  have therefore  introduced  this  solution  which  provide  a  more  integrated  financial  design construction, maintenance and operational solution to infrastructure projects. This long essay shall therefore examine in its chapter one introduction of Public Private Partnership in Nigeria, aims and objectives of the study, scope of study, methodology, definition and literature review, this chapter will be the basis for other chapters.    Chapter two will highlight the origin of public private partnership, it will also look at the importance and nature of public private partnership i.e. the meaning and significance of PPP. This chapter will include the types of PPP and how they operate Chapter three will deal  with  the advantages of PPP,  how it improves and helps in  the growth of infrastructure, the opportunities which are opened by PPP, this chapter will be examining the benefits of PPP and why PPP is a better choice. Chapter four will appraise the  problems  which  can  be  encountered  during  PPP  operation  e.g.  problem  of  fund, cultural problems e.t.c. Chapter five will deal with the conclusion, summary and recommend some needed law reforms  that  will  ensure  the  achievement  of  Public  Private  Partnership  objectives  in Nigeria.   

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

COVER PAGE………………………………………………………………………………..i

 CERTIFICATION PAGE…………………………………....................................ii 

ABSTRACT………………………..……………………………………………….iii 

TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………….…………………..iv-vii 

DEDICATION………………………………………………………………………viii 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………….......ix 

TABLE OF STATUTES…………………………………………………..………...x 

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS………………………………………………………xi-xii 

 CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 

1.0.0: INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………….1-4

 1.1.0: BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY……………………………………….5

 1.2.0: OBJECTIVES OF STUDY………………………………………………...5 

1.3.0: FOCUS OF STUDY………………………………………………………..5-6

 1.4.0: SCOPE OF STUDY………………………………..……............................6 

1.5.0: METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………………6 

5  1.6.0: LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………………………………7-9 

1.7.0: DEFINITION OF TERMS…………………………………………………9-10 

1.8.0: CONCLUSION……………………………….……………………………..10 

CHAPTER TWO HISTORICAL  BACKGROUND  OF  PUBLIC  PRIVATE  PARTNERSHIP  IN NIGERIA 

2.0.0: INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………11 

2.1.0: IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP…………….11-14 

2.2.0: NATURE OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP…………………….14-30 

2.3.0: TYPES OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP……………………….30-31 

2.3.0.1:  BUILD  OPERATE  TRANSFER  (BOT)  OR  BUILD  TRANSFER OPERATE     (BTO)………………………………………….……………………………………..31 

2.3.1.1: BUILD OWN OPERATE (BOO)………………………………..……….32 

2.3.1.2: BUY-BUILD OPERATE (BBO)…………………………………………32

 2.3.1.3: CONTRACT SERVICES OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE…32 

2.3.1.4: OPERATIONS, MAINTENANCE, & MANAGEMENT……………32-33

 2.3.1.5: DESIGN-BUILD (DB)………………………………….………………33 

2.3.1.6: DESIGN-BUILD-MAINTAIN (DBM)………………………………..33-34

 2.3.1.7: DESIGN-BUILD-OPERATE (DBO)…………………………………34 

6  2.3.1.8: DEVELOPER FINANCE………………………………………………35

 2.3.1.9: ENHANCED USE LEASING (EUL)…………………………………35 

2.3.2.0:  LEASE/DEVELOP/OPERATE (LDO)  OR  BUILD/DEVELOP/OPERATE (BDO)………………………..……………………………………………………36 

2.3.2.1: LEASE/PURCHASE…………………………………………………..36

 2.3.2.2: SALE/LEASEBACK …………………………………………………37

 2.3.2.3: TAX-EXEMPT LEASE……………………………………………..37 2

.3.2.4: TURNKEY…………………………………………………………...337-37

 2.4.0: CONCLUSION………………………………………………………...38  

CHAPTER THREE ADVANTAGES OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP 

3.0.0: INTRODUCTION…………………………….……………………….39-41 

3.1.0: THE NEED FOR PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS A CATALYST FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT………………………………………41-44

 3.2.0: DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE………….………….…44-50

 3.3.0: OPPORTUNITIES/BENEFITS OF PUBLIC PRIVATE  PARTNERSHIP…………………………………………...…………………..50-53 

3.4.0: CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………54  

7  CHAPTER FOUR PROBLEMS/CHALLENGES OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

 4.0.0: INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………55

 4.1.0: PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES…………………….……………….55-63 

4.2.0: REGULATORY ISSUES………………………………………..……....63-65

 4.3.0: LEGAL ISSUES…………………………………………………………..65-70 

4.4.0: FUNDING ISSUES………………………………………………….……70-71 

4.5.0: POLITICAL ISSUES……………………………………………………..71-72

 4.6.0: CULTURAL ISSUES………………………………………………….….72 

4.7.0: CONCLUSION……………………………………………………….…….73 

CHAPTER FIVE GENERAL CONCLUSION

 5.0.0: CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………74 

5.1.0: RECOMMENDATION……………………………………………….........74-75 

8  BIBLIOGRAPHY ARTICLES ON THE INTERNET…………………………………………......…76-77 

PAPERS PRESENTED AT CONFERENCES, WORKSHOPS AND  SEMINARS …………………………………………………………………….....77-78 

DICTIONARY……………………………………………………………………..7