EXPLORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC POLICY IN ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE SERVICE DELIVERY BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES: THE CASE OF MUTARE RURAL DISTRICT

DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................................ 2

RELEASE FORM ................................................................................................................................................ 3

DEDICATION ................................................................................................................................................ 6

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................ 7

ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................................. 8

CHAPTER ONE .............................................................................................................................................. 14

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 14

1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 14

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ............................................................................................................. 15

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT ........................................................................................................................ 17

1.3 Objectives Of The Research ............................................................................................................... 17

1.4 Research Questions ............................................................................................................................ 17

1.5 Limitations .......................................................................................................................................... 18

1.6 Delimitations ...................................................................................................................................... 18

1.7 Literature Review ............................................................................................................................... 18

1.8 Theoretical Framework ...................................................................................................................... 21

1.9 Research Methodology ....................................................................................................................... 21

1.10 Research Design ................................................................................................................................. 22

i. Qualitative Research Design .................................................................................................................. 22

ii. Quantitative Research Design ................................................................................................................ 23

iii. The Case Study Technique ..................................................................................................................... 23

I. Sampling ................................................................................................................................................. 24

II. Sample Population .................................................................................................................................. 24

III. Sampling Procedure ........................................................................................................................... 24

IV. Non-Probability Sampling Method .................................................................................................... 24

V. Purposive / Judgemental Sampling ........................................................................................................ 25

VI. Data Collection Tools ......................................................................................................................... 25

VII. Questionnaires .................................................................................................................................... 25

VIII. Interviews ........................................................................................................................................... 26

1.12 Data Collection Procedures ............................................................................................................... 27

1.13 Ethical Considerations and Original Contribution To Existing Literature ..................................... 27

1.14 Operational Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 28

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1.15 Chapter Breakdown............................................................................................................................ 28

CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................................. 29

PUBLIC POLICY AND TOOLS FOR SERVICE DELIVERY IN ZIMBABWE ......................................... 29

2.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 29

2.1 Definitions Of Public Policy .............................................................................................................. 29

2.2 Elements Of Public Policy ................................................................................................................. 30

2.3 Rural Local Government ................................................................................................................... 30

2.4 Rural Districts Councils Act [Chapter 29:13] ................................................................................... 31

2.5 Factors Promoting Effectiveness In Service Delivery ....................................................................... 32

a. Legal Factors .......................................................................................................................................... 32

b. Institutional ............................................................................................................................................. 33

c. Normative guidelines .............................................................................................................................. 36

2.6.1 Public Policy on Service Delivery in South Africa ............................................................................ 36

2.6.2 Public Policy on Service Delivery in Kenya - Kijiado Local Authority ............................................ 38

2.7 Tools For Service Delivery ................................................................................................................. 39

2.8 Theoretical Framework On The Effectiveness Of Public Policy And Other Tools In Promoting Service Delivery ............................................................................................................................................... 39

2.9 Major Hindrances on Service Delivery in Zimbabwe’s RLAs .......................................................... 40

2.10 Chapter Conclusion............................................................................................................................ 41

CHAPTER 3 .................................................................................................................................................... 41

SERVICES AT MUTARE RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL .......................................................................... 41

3.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 41

3.1 Situational Analysis............................................................................................................................ 41

3.2 Staff Of The Rural District Council .................................................................................................. 43

3.3 Organogram For The Staff At Mutare Rural District Council ........................................................ 44

3.4 Powers Of Mutare Rural District Council ......................................................................................... 44

3.5 Departments And Their Functions .................................................................................................... 44

3.6 Service Delivery .................................................................................................................................. 45

3.7 Relationship With Stakeholders ......................................................................................................... 47

3.8 Clients Of Council .............................................................................................................................. 48

CHAPTER 4 .................................................................................................................................................... 48

EFFECTIVENESS OF MRDC IN SERVICE DELIVERY INITIATIVES ................................................. 48

4.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 48

4.1 Response Rate ..................................................................................................................................... 49

Table 1: Response Profile of the Respondents ............................................................................................... 49

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4.2 Findings And Discussion ................................................................................................................... 50

4.3.1 Questionnaire Response Rate ............................................................................................................ 50

Table 2: Questionnaire response rate ............................................................................................................. 50

4.3.2 Interview Response Rate .................................................................................................................... 50

Table 3: Interview Response Rate ................................................................................................................... 51

Fig 2: population in Mutare rural district ...................................................................................................... 51

4.4 Rating the state of the infrastructure in Mutare Rural District ........................................................ 52

Fig 3: State of Infrastructure .......................................................................................................................... 52

Fig 4: A road connecting the Red Zone Areas in Chiadzwa Mining Concession and the Business Center at Bambazonke (Marange) .................................................................................................................................. 52

Fig 5: Graded road at Bambazonke Business Centre .................................................................................... 53

Table 4: Routine work for road maintenance ................................................................................................ 53

4.4.1 Water Supply ...................................................................................................................................... 54

Table 5: Selected service delivery programmes from 2011-2016 ................................................................... 55

4.4.2 Electricity ............................................................................................................................................ 56

Fig 6: Chipendeke Clinic at Himalaya ........................................................................................................... 57

4.4.3 Health and Educational Facilities ..................................................................................................... 57

4.4.4 State of infrastructure at Healthcare Centres ................................................................................... 58

4.4.5 Construction of Waiting Mother’s Shelter ........................................................................................ 58

4.4.6 Construction of Teacher’s Houses .................................................................................................... 58

4.4.7 Pegging of Stands ............................................................................................................................... 59

Fig 7: Marange Police Station near Bambazonke Business Centre.............................................................. 59

Fig 8: the retail outlets in Mutare rural district ............................................................................................. 60

Fig 9: Bambazonke B/C .................................................................................................................................. 60

Table 6: weekly activities of MRDC ................................................................................................................ 61

4.5 Effects of the Central Government Policy on the Sustainability of Service Provision and Investment Attraction ...................................................................................................................................... 61

4.6 Public Service Delivery Programmes Undertaken by MRDC in partnership with Stakeholders .... 62

4.7 Service Delivery Challenges ............................................................................................................... 63

4.8 Chapter Conclusion............................................................................................................................ 66

CHAPTER 5 .................................................................................................................................................... 66

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................... 66

5.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 66

5.1 Summary Of Findings ........................................................................................................................ 66

5.2 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................... 69

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5.3 Recommendations .............................................................................................................................. 70

5.4 Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 72

BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................................ 73

Appendix 1 .................................................................................................................................................... 77

Appendix 2 ...............................................................................................................................