Extruding Characteristics of FUTO Fabricated Extruder

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction.. 1.1 Aim .. ..

CHAPTER TWO

2.3 Main Element of the Single-Screw Extruder .. .. .. .. ..8

i. The Screw ..

1. 2.0  Literature Review

2. 2.1  Extruder ..

3. 2.2  Types of Extruders.. .. ..

1. (a)  RotaryExtruders .. .. ..

2. (b)  Ram Extruders .. .. ..

3. (c)  Screw Extruders .. .. ..

1. TheBarrel..

2. Feed Hopper

3. Extrusion Die

1. 2.4.0  Extruder Drive Systems

2. 2.4.1  DCMotors .. ..

3. 2.4.2  AC Variable Frequency Inverter Regulator .. .. .. .. .15

2.5 The FUTO Fabricated Extruder .. .. .. .. .. .. .16

2.6.0 Extrusion .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .18

2.6.1 Extrusion Products ..

(a) Profiles Extrusion ..

1. (b)  Pipe Extrusion

2. (c)  Sheet Extrusion

3. (d)  Film Extrusion

4. (e)  Blow-Film Extrusion

5. (f)  Filament Extrusion

6. (g)  Extrusion Coating and Wire Covering

2.6.2 Extrusion Defects ..

1. (a)  Die Swell .. ..

2. (b)  Melt Fracture ..

3. (c)  Sharkskin .. ..

4. (d)  Frozen-In Orientation

1. 2.7.0  Materials .. ..

2. 2.7.1  Polyolefins .. ..

1. (a)  Polyethylene ..

2. (b)  Polypropylene ..

3. (c)  Polyvinyl Chloride

4. (d)  Polymethyl Pentene

1. (e)  Polystyrene ..

2. (f)  Polyketone ..

3. (g)  Elpene and Elprop

1. 2.8.0  Blending .. ..

2. 2.8.1  Compatibility of Polymers

3. 2.8.2  Technique of Polyblends ..

4. 2.8.3  Mechanical Polyblends ..

5. 2.8.4  Chemical Polyblends and Mechanochemical

6. 2.8.5  Solution Cast Polyblends .. .. .. .. .. .. ..36

7. 2.8.6  Latex Polyblends .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..36

Polyblends .. ..35

2.9 Types of Polyblends .. ..

2.9.1 Elastomer-Elastomer Blends ..

2.9.2 Plastomer-Plastomer Blends ..

2.9.3 Elastomer Plastomer Blend .

Mechanical Properties of Polymer

Tensile Test .. Toughness .. Elongation ..

Impact Strength Hardness ..

CHAPTER THREE

1. 3.0  Experiment ..

2. 3.1  Materials and Equipments..

3. 3.2  Cleaning of the Extruder and Replacement of Parts

3.3 Installation of DC Variation Speed Motor

1. 3.4  Installation of the Pressure Gauge

2. 3.5  Preliminary Experiments .. ..

3. 3.6  Preparation of Material .. ..

4. 3.7  Effect of Screw Speed on the Weight of the Output At Screw Speeds of 20rpm, 33rpm, 45rpm, and 60rpm

3.8 Effect of Screw Speed on Diameter/Thickness of the Extrudate .. .

1. 3.9  The Hardness of the Extrudates ..

2. 3.10  Mechanical Properties of the Blend

3. 3.11  Statistical Analysis .. ..

4. 3.12  Mean Residence Time .. ..

5. 3.13  Estimated Shear Rate of the Screw Speeds

CHAPTER FOUR

1. 4.0  Result and Discussion .. .. ..

2. 4.1  Installation of Pressure Gauge .. ..

3. 4.2  Installation of the Geared DC Motor ..

4. 4.3  Results of the Preliminary Experiments

5. 4.4  Results of sample weight against time of extrusion .. ..

6. 4.5  Effect of Screw Speed on the Diameter and Thickness of the Extrudate 53

7. 4.6  Hardness Test Result .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .56

8. 4.7  Result of Tensile Test .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .57

4.7.2 Effectof Screw Speed and Blending Ratio on  the Mechanical Properties of the Extrudate

CONCLUSION .. .. ..

FUTURE WORK .. ..

REFERENCE .. .. ..