FACTORS INFLUENCING AWARENESS OF CLEANER PRODUCTION IN INDUSTRIES. CASE STUDY OF NAKAWA DIVISION, KAMPALA DISTRICT, UGANDA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Declaration ................................................................................................................ i

Dedication .................................................................................................................. ii

Acknowledgement. .................................................................................................... iii

List of Acronyms ...................................................................................................... .iv

Abstract. ...................................................................................................................... v

List of Tables ............................................................................... ' .............................. x

List of Figures ............................................................................................................. xi

List of Graphs ............................................................................................................. xii

List of Maps ........................................................................................................ xiii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................... !

1.2 Statement of the problem ...................................................................................... 6

1.3 Objectives ofthe study ......................................................................................... 7

1.3.1 General objective .............................................................................................. 7

I " 7 Specific objective ............................................................................................ .

1.4 Research questions ............................................................................................. 8

1.5 Significance of the study ...................................................................................... 8

1.6 Scope ofthe study ................................................................................................ 9

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature revievv .................................................................................................. 1 0

2.1 General concepts on cleaner production .............................................................. l 0

2.2 Methods of cleaner production employed in the industries ................................. ll

2.3 Benefits of cleaner production to the industry ................................................... 12

2.4 Factors influencing the level of awareness of cleaner production in industries ... 14

2.5 Measures to improve on the level of awareness in industries ............................. 16

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Methodology ......................................................................................................... l9

3 .I Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 9

3.1.1 Study area ........................................................................................................... !9

3.1.1.1 Location and size ............................................................................................. l9

3.1.1.2 Climate ............................................................................................................. ::.::.

3.1.1.3 Vegetation ........................................................................................................ 22

3.1.1.4 Soils ................................................................................................................. 22

3.1.1.5 Drainage .......................................................................................................... 22

3.1.1.6 Relief.. ............................................................................................................. 23

3.1.1.7 Socio-Economic characteristics ....................................................................... 23

3.2.0 Research methods ............................................................................................... 24

3.2.1 Research design .................................................................................................. 24

3.2.2 Study population ............................................................................................... 24

3.2.3 Sample ............................................................................................................... 24

3.2.4 Sampling framework.. ....................................................................................... 25

3.3.4.2 Sampling techniques ........................................................................................ 25

3.3.5 Data collection methods .................................................................................... 26

3.3.5.1 Library research .............................................................................................. 26

3.3.5.2 Questionnaires ................................................................................................. 26

3.3.5.3 Interview guide ................................................................................................ 26

3.3.5.4 Personal observation ....................................................................................... 26

3.3.6 Data analysis ....................................................................................................... 27

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Presentation and discussion of research findings ..................................................... 28

4.1 Methods of cleaner production employed by industl"ies ...................................... 28

4.1.1 Input substitution in Uganda Fish Packers limited ................................................ 31

4.1.3 Technology modification in Ngege Limited .......................................................... 35

4.1.4 Good house keeping in Ngege Limited .......................... : ....................................... 35

4.1.5 Good house keeping in Uganda Batteries Limited ................................................. 36

4.1.6 Good house keeping in Uganda Fish Packers Limited .......................................... ] 7

4.1.7 On site recycling in Uganda Batteries Limited ..................................................... 38

4.2 Benefits of cleaner production to the industries ................................................... 38

4.2.1 Water conservation measures in Ngege Limited .................................................... 39

4.2.2 Water conservation measures in Uganda Bat!eries Limited .................................. .42

4.2.3 Energy conservation measures in Ngege Limited ................................................. -42

4.2.4 Energy conservation measures in Uganda Fish Packers Limited ........................... 43

4.2.5 Energy conservation measures in Uganda Batteries Limited ................................ .44

4.2.6 Raw material conservation in Uganda Batteries Limited ...................................... 45

4.2.7 Raw material conservation in Uganda Fish Packers Limited ................................ 46

4.2. 8 Reduction in fuel consumption in Uganda Fish Packers Limited ......................... .48

4.2.9 Waste managcment. .............................................................................................. 48

4.2.9.I Gaseous emissions regulation in Uganda Fish Packers Limited ........................ .48

4.2.9.3 Solid waste management in Ngege Limited ........................................................ 49

4.2.9.4 Effluent management in Uganda Fish Packers Limited ..................................... .49

4.2.9.5 Ef11uent management in Uganda Batteries Limited ............................................ 50

4.2.1 0 Occupational Health and Safety ........................................................................... 51

4.3 Factors influencing awareness of cleaner pt·oduction .......................................... 53

4.3.1 Lack of technical skills and knowledge .................................................................. 53

4.3.3 Poor management. .................................................................................................. 54

4.3.4 Inadequate support statT. ....................................................................................... 54

4.2.5 Inflexible company culture and resistance to change ......................................... 55

4.3 .6 Absence of policy framework ........................................................................... 55

4.3. 7 Limited financial support.. ................................................................................ 55

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 Conclusions and recommendations ...................................................................... 56

5.1 Summary of the findings ................................................... .' ................................. 56

5.2 Conclusions .......................................................................................................... 56

5.3 Recommendations ................................................................................................. 57

5 .3 .I Cleaner production training and education ........................................................ 57

5.3.2 Implementation of labour laws. regulations. acts and policies .......................... 57

5. 3. 3 Rehabilitation of the building ............................................................................. 58

5.3.4 The development and dissemination of information .......................................... 58

5.3 .5 Awareness of cleaner production ...................................................................... 58

5.3 .6 Improving working conditions .......................................................................... 59

5 .3. 7 Installation of safety equi pments ...................................................................... 59

5.3 .8 Management commitment. ................................................................................ 59

5.3. 9 Employment involvement.. ............................................................................... 59

5.3 .I 0 Cost awareness ................................................................................................ 59

5.3.11 Technical evaluation ....................................................................................... 60

5.3.12 Implementation of feasible cleaner production measures ................................ 60

5.3 .13 Monitor cleaner production progress ............................................................... 61

References ................................................................................................................. 62

Appendices ................................................................................................................. 64

Appendix I: Response schedule to be filled by the workers in processing and

manufacturing industries ............................................................................................ 64

Appendix II: Response schedule to be filled by the manager/director ....................... 69

Appendix III: Introduction letter. .............................................................................. 72