Factors that affects prevention of GBV against women in case of Adama city

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate factors that affecting prevention of gender-based violence  against women in Adama city. The study utilized a descriptive survey design,  supplemented by both quantitative and qualitative data. The target population consisted 

of 495 police officers in the Adama city police administration, with a sample size of 54  respondents. Additionally, 16 participants were included for Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) conducted through structured interviews. Both sampling techniques used were systematic random sampling for probability sampling and non-purposive sampling for non-probability sampling. The quantitative data obtained through questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics, such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics, such as Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regressions using SPSS version 26. Qualitative data obtained through interviews were analyzed thematically. The results of the study shows that the main types of gender-based violence occurring in the study area were sexual violence (38.9%), psychological violence (14.8%), physical violence (16.7%), economic violence (24.1%), and labor abuse (5.6%). The study also identified the areas where gender-based violence frequently occurred, including night clubs (38.9%), hotels and bars (29.6%), home (27.8%), and workplaces (3.7%).The study further identified various factors that affecting the prevention of gender-based violence, including institutional factors, social factors, cultural factors, political factors, legal factors, and individual factors. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant and moderate correlations between the other five determinant factors (institutional, social, cultural, political, and individual) and the prevention of gender-based violence, with p-values less than 0.05. However, the legal factor showed a weaker correlation. Regression analysis confirmed that institutional, political, and individual factors have a positive impact on preventing gender-based violence, while social and cultural factors have a negative impact (p=0.000). Legal factors, on the other hand, were found to have an insignificant impact (p=0.567). Based on these findings, it is recommended that stakeholders in the city collaborate to prevent gender-based violence against women effectively.

Key terms: Factors, Affect, Prevention, Gender based violence, Violence against women, Gender, Violence, and Coercion.