Abstract: Increasing conflicts between farmers and pastoralists continue to be a major challenge in the Sahel. Political and social factors are in tandem important underlying determinants for conflicts in the region, which are amplified by the variability and scarcity of natural resources, often as a result of climate variability and climate change. This study aimed at holistically assessing the main environmental parameters that influence the patterns of seasonal migratory movements (transh...
This paper entails the results of nitrate analysis performedin the shallow groundwater samples of Enugu urban. The study revealsthat unorganized sewage system, agricultural waste, solid waste andindustrial effluents have greatly threatened the shallow groundwaterresources in Enugu. Study also shows that hand dug well samples withinUgwuaji, Gariki, Uwani and Awkunanow have shown nitrate (46.3mg/l - 51.3 mg/l) content exceeding the limit of WHO and NSDQWrecommendations. However, hand dug well s...
ABSTRACT This Study looks at an appraisal of landholding size and socio-economic status of rural households, the case of AbayiChommanWereda, Oromia Regional State. The main objective of this study is to assess and appraise landholding size and the socio-economic status of the rural households in the study area. Both primary and secondary data were collected for this purpose. Descriptive statistics such as minimum, maximum, and mean were used to describe respondents in terms of family size, la...
ABSTRACT This study was aimed at Smallholder farmers’ adaptation strategies to the effect of climate change and vulnerability in Gelana Woreda, Oromia region, Ethiopia. A total of 156 households were sampled using random sampling methods. A household questionnaire survey, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and field observation was undertaken to collect primary data. Furthermore, 96.8% of the respondents perceived occurring of climate variability in the study area. The decli...
Natural Resources are assets or materials created and deposited by nature, useable by man to create wealth. In another definition, Natural resources are naturally occurring materials that are useful to man or could be useful under conceivable technological, economic or social circumstances or supplies drawn from the earth. Common examples of Natural Resources include Air, Sunlight, Water, Soil, Stone, Plants, Forests, Animals and Fossil fuels. Africa has a large quantity of Natural Reso...
Abstract: Rainfall variability with periodicity of 5–6 years has been demonstrated for our study area and may be attributed to tropical and extra-tropical factors which operate during different months, seasons and years. Rainfall variability in terms of coefficient of variation ranges from 24 to 39% and 26 to 41% for the seasons and months. The mean increase of 1.63 mm/year and 1.37 mm/year experienced in the dry season months (November–April) and the wet season months (May–October...
The focus of this paper is to examine the responses of NGOs and governmental bodies joint efforts in drought mitigation programs of southern Ethiopia, East Guji Oromo drought vulnerable areas in the 20th century. The manuscript also explores the role of thus bodies and the perceptions of local communities towards those organization intervention extents and ways of assistance to occurred hardships. Likewise, the article also tries to look, assess and well exhibit a well-known and still active ...
Caves are commonly used for the purposes of geological conservation and tourism, but such experience is very limited in desert areas of northeastern Africa. The Sannur Cave discovered near Beni Suef in Egypt a few decades ago has been investigated in order to judge about its importance as geological heritage. It is established that the study territory contains three principal elements that can be attributed to geological heritage. These are the Sannur Cave itself, two quarries of the so-ca...
The Lake Chad, is a source of water to millions of people in West Africa, has shrunk by nine-tenths due to climate change, and poor irrigation projects, which has been largely reported. The humanitarian disaster in the region is one of the world’s largest and most complex humanitarian tragedies.
Environmental problems like desertification, deforestation, and pollution have become important paradigms in Nigeria in the last three decades. Similarly, Government, Non-governmental Organizations, corporate bodies and individual’s interests in reducing, stemming and / or mitigating the consequences of environmental degradation is very commendable. Many of the generally acknowledged global environmental problems (greenhouse warming, ozone depletion, soil erosion, chemical management, acidi...
The search for crude oil has expanded in many parts of the world with positive results in some members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Regardless of the numerous socio-economic gains from the discovery of crude oil, spills sometimes occur during production operations, or due to accidental discharges, leakages from corroded bunkers and transport vessels, and human errors. These spills contaminate the surrounding environment and negatively affect the ecosystem (...
A measure of the total amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions of a defined population, system or activity, considering all relevant sources, sinks and storage within the spatial and temporal boundary of the population, system or activity of interest is known as Carbon footprint.
Flood modelling and mapping typically entail flood frequency estimation, hydrodynamic modelling and inundation mapping, which require specific datasets that are often unavailable in developing regions due to financial, logistical, technical and organizational challenges. This review discusses fluvial (river) flood modelling and mapping processes and outlines the data requirements of these techniques. This paper explores how open-access remotely sensed and other geospatial datasets can su...
Geography has become such an important field of knowledge with several academic traditions which sometimes overwhelm the capacity of students to fully comprehend its scope. It seems more dreaded especially at the mention of ‘maps’ and ‘map-making’. Outside the borders of the discipline, geography is associated with maps and map-making with the implication that a prospective candidate’s primary interest in the discipline is defined and shaped by interest in maps and map-making. An ol...
Energy exists in many different forms such as light energy, heat energy, mechanical energy, gravitational energy, electrical energy, sound energy, chemical energy, Nuclear or atomic energy and so on. These forms of energy can be relocated and converted between one another. When source of energy ends up as electricity, it moves with many transformations before it can power the light bulb. The aim of this study was to explore the level of student’s awareness on the importance of saving ener...