ABSTRACT Teenage pregnancy is a worldwide problem. Some of the consequences associated with teenage pregnancy are restriction in educational opportunities, reduced quality of life, exposure to sexually transmitted infections, social discrimination, and complicated labor and abortions. Regardless of the universal effort made by governmental and non-governmental agencies to prevent teenage pregnancies, teenagers still get pregnant. In Namibia the overall teenage pregnancy rate is 15% while in ...
ABSTRACT Namibia has seen a decline in reported malaria cases of up to 97.4% between 2001 and 2011. The country was nominated as one of 8 countries in Southern Africa (E8) ready to move from the control phase to the elimination phase by 2020. However, interventions that were successful in bringing down malaria cases during the control phase may no longer be appropriate now that malaria transmission patterns have changed. Gaps in knowledge about infection risk factors at low malaria transmiss...
Abstract Prostate cancer is the second highest cause of death due to cancers in men. The risk of developing it increases with age and the highest incidence is observed in men above the age of 50 years. In black men, the estimated lifetime risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer is 20.6% while the lifetime risk of death due to it is 4.7%. The current standard tests for the diagnosis of prostate cancer are the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, digital rectal examination (DRE) and...
ABSTRACT Introduction: There is a growing awareness that premature deaths from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and other non-communicable diseases reduce productivity, curtails economic growth, and pose a significant social challenge in most countries. The impact of cardiovascular risk factors is very enormous especially on the budget of the health sector since there is an epidemiological change from pathogenic diseases to lifestyle diseases. Objectives: The main aim of the study is to invest...
Abstract In the present study, optimized binary lipid matrices of Tallow fat- Transcutol and Precirol-Transcutol were used to formulate sustained release solid lipid nanoparticles loaded lumefantrine and ciprofloxacin. The homolipid (tallow fat from Bos indicus was extracted and purified following standard methods. Abinitio selection of lipid matrices was done by formulation of binary (3:1) and ternary lipid matrices with different ratios, (1:1:1, 1:2:2 and 2:1:1). Single, binary and ter...
Abstract Adverse birth outcomes continue to be global public health challenges, particularly in poor resource setting. Policy makers are often focused on curative medical care to the neglect of the impaired functioning and the life-long disabilities of these adverse birth outcomes in populations. This cross sectional study was aimed at assessing the nutritional, socioeconomic, health service and maternal risk factors associated with birth or pregnancy outcomes. About 183 mothers were syst...
ABSTRACT The ABH-lectin activity was carried out on fourteen (14) tropical edible fruits sourced from Terminus market in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Haemagglutination techniques were carried out on fruit juices and seed/nut extracts using standard A, B, O(H) cells. Three hundred (300) subjects administered with questionnaires were tested for ABH-fruit incompatibility. Cashew; red and yellow (Anacardiumoccidentale), apple; green (Maluspumila) and guava; red (Psidumguajava) juices agglutin...
ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) infection is a global disease, however, its menace is felt more in the developing countries, with the marginalized, the poor and other hard-to-reach people facing the greatest barriers to diagnosis, treatment and cure. In relation to gender, TB is the third leading cause of death for women worldwide. Studies on TB and gender have indicated that women experience different risk factors, social and economic consequences and barriers to treatment as compared to men. Gen...
ABSTRACT Research has shown that infertility affects millions of people worldwide and it is considered as one of the most difficult life experiences and a bio-psychosocial crisis encountered by most couples. It is also known to have serious consequences on both the psychological and the social safety of women in Africa and the world at large. However, literature about the bio-psychosocial management of women with infertility is scanty in Ghana, especially the aspect of psychosocial management...
ABSTRACT Background: Pesticides are used by individuals especially farmers to prevent crop damage by harmful insects or plant pests. In the process of preventing and eradicating pests, individuals are occupationally and environmentally exposed to pesticides. Although pesticides help in preventing crop destruction by pests, they are toxic, and exposure can result in a number of health effects. This study aimed at evaluating pesticide residues in human urine samples of farmers who apply pestici...
ABSTRACT Background/Objectives: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV is a major contributor of paediatric HIV infection. HIV counselling and testing during pregnancy constitutes an important step in prevention. Acceptability of HIV test among women who voluntarily request to know their HIV status (opt-in) has been found to be rather low and yet the number of pregnant women with HIV in the Wa Municipality has almost doubled, from 3.2 per cent in 2006 to 5.8 per cent in 2007. To address t...
ABSTRACT SUMMARY Since the beginning of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, more and more people get infected everyday worldwide. At the same time, there is increasing evidence that people become more and more aware of the causes and preventive methods of the scourge. Despite the high knowledge of HIV infection, and sexual health-enhancing benefits of condoms, condom use is still very low among the sexually active youth irrGhana It is against this background that this study was designed to assess knowledg...
ABSTRACT Background: In 2017, about 37 million people were living with the HIV infection globally. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has proven to improve the clinical outcomes of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) by suppressing viral replication. Identifying PLHIV in the population, linking and retaining them in care to ensure viral suppression are stages in the HIV/AIDS Care Continuum (HACC). An analysis of the care continuum usually reveals fall outs of PLHIV from one stage to the other. The...
ABSTRACT Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) occurs globally and is of a great public health importance. According to World Health Organization (WHO),“more than two (2) billion people worldwide have been infected with Hepatitis-B virus and about 350 million people remain chronically infected”. Even though Ghana belongs to one of the areas where HBV is highly endemic not much study detailing the burden of the disease among the youth has been conducted. Objectives: This work was intended to...
ABSTRACT It has become very necessary to study seemingly increasing rate of negative sexual behaviour among adolescents. In the Ghanaian society, many adolescents are ignorant of the various forms of contraceptive methods available and how they are effectively used, despite significant numbers being sexually active. This study seeks to understand the factors that influence the knowledge, attitude and perception of contraceptives amongst second cycle institutions in the Adentan Municipality. T...