ABSTRACT Globally, an estimated 3.4 billion people are at risk of malaria, including Nigerians. The current World Health Organization (WHO) Guideline for the treatment of malaria recommends the use of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Presently, the available formulations of ACTs are administered through the oral route. Rectal administration, which formed the basis of this work, is an alternative route of administration which overcomes the limi...
ABSTRACT Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most potent and widely used alkylating anticancer agents. Urotoxicity and myelosuppression is known as the most prevailing dose-limiting toxicity associated with CP. In the present study, the protective potential of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum aqueous leaf extracts in CP-induced urotoxicity and myelosupression were evaluated using biochemical and histopathological approaches. Sodium -2-macarptoethane sulfonate (MESNA) was used as a p...
ABSTRACT The study was aimed at evaluating the antidiabetic potentials of Anogeissius leiocarpus DC Guill and Perr root bark methanol, ethanol and ethanol plus trona extract; and preparing, characterizing and evaluating lipospheres as drug delivery system loaded with A.leiocarpus root bark methanol extract. 400 mg/kg of methanol,ethanol and ethanol plus trona extracts of the A.leiocarpus root bark extracts were used in preliminary evaluation of antidiabetic effect of this plant root bark extr...
ABSTRACT The oral route is generally preferred for drug administration because of its ease and good patient compliance. In the search for new drugs for oral administration a major problem encountered is obtaining drug structures which, as well as being potent in viiro, possess favourable pharmacokinetic profiles which enable them to pass easily through the relevant body membranes, especially the gastrointestinal epithelia to effect their action. However, many of the compounds derived from com...
ABSTRACT The present study investigated herb-drug interactions involving cold water extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves, with five classes of antibiotics, namely: Tetracyclines - Tetracycline (TET) and Doxycycline POX); I Penicillins - Penicillin G(PG) and Ampicillin (AMP); Cephalosporins - Cefuroxime (CF); Arninoglycosides -Gentamicycin (GEN) and Streptomycin (STREP) and Fluoroquinolones-Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and Norfloxacin (NF);. In vitro interactions between the neem leaf extract an...
ABSTRACT Globally, an estimated 3.4 billion people are at risk of malaria, including Nigerians. The current World Health Organization (WHO) Guideline for the treatment of malaria recommends the use of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Presently, the available formulations of ACTs are administered through the oral route. Rectal administration, which formed the basis of this work, is an alternative route of administration which overcomes the lim...
ABSTRACT Starch is a naturally occurring polymer found in parts of the plants such as leaves, stems, tubers, and fruits. It is a commonly used excipient in pharmaceutical formulations because of its availability, affordability and inertness. Cyperus esculentus (tiger nut) is widely cultivated in the country especially in the northern part of Nigeria. Until recently, the use of tiger nut had been limited to food products and few pharmaceutical applications. This research is aimed at character...
Abstract In the present study, optimized binary lipid matrices of Tallow fat- Transcutol and Precirol-Transcutol were used to formulate sustained release solid lipid nanoparticles loaded lumefantrine and ciprofloxacin. The homolipid (tallow fat from Bos indicus was extracted and purified following standard methods. Abinitio selection of lipid matrices was done by formulation of binary (3:1) and ternary lipid matrices with different ratios, (1:1:1, 1:2:2 and 2:1:1). Single, binary and ter...
ABSTRACT Microsphere drug delivery systems are used to protect sensitive drugs from enzymatic degradation in the body, for controlled release and tissue targeting of the drug of interest. Starch and products derived from starch modification, are increasingly gaining acceptance in microsphere drug delivery. They are less expensive, non-toxic, readily available, bio-compatible and bio-degradable. The aim of the study was to formulate sustained release pantoprazole microspheres and enteric-coate...
ABSTRACT The seeds of a tropical fruit Carica papaya have been proven to have anthelminthic activity. The main component in the seeds responsible for this activity is Benzyl isothiocyanate. It is effective against parasites such Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis, Taenia saginata and so on. The research focus on formulating an anthelminthic medicine from papaya seeds that can be gotten easily. The Carica papaya seeds were gotten from fresh papaya fruit and dried below 41oC....
Spondias mombin is depends on for various herbal remedies for the treatment of numerous health conditions. This study is to evaluate the In-vivo toxic effect of Stem bark extracts of Spondias mombin on in male and female albino rats. In-vivo toxicity test was carried out with modified Lorke’s method. Forty two (42) male and female albino rats weighing between 120-180g were used for the sub-chronic study. The rats were divided into five groups A- D (n=12). The albino rats were divided ...
The increasing incidence of resistance to antibiotics among bacteria currently poses serious clinical and public health threat and has propelled efforts for newer alternatives to alleviate the problem. Extensive search and testing for different plants with potentials for antimicrobial properties is presently considered one of the most feasible options as substitutes to the current regimen of antimicrobials. We tested the antibacterial characteristic and the phytochemical composition of four c...
The purpose of this present study of seven Nigerian medicinal plants is to ascertain the medicinal, phytochemical and proximate constituents of the plants. The plants are .Acacia albida Del, Anchomanes difformis Engl, Boscia senegalensis, Bridelia ferruginea Benth, Ficus ingens (Miq.) Miq, Indigofera arrecta Hochst and Moringa oleifera Lam
Piliostigma reticulatum plant found in West Africa. It is an Evergreen shrub with a twisted bole to 9 m high, with a bushy spherical canopy. Bark dark grey to brown, fibrous and corky, slash dark red. Leaves large, thick, leathery, grey-green, 6-12 cm long, Fruit large, long, straight, undulate or twisted and hard, either glabrous or sparsely pubescent, brown, indehiscent, up to 25 cm long, 5 cm wide. Alchonea laxiofolia is a Deciduous, erect to straggling shrub 7m tall. Two extracting solv...
Anisopus mannii(Asclepiadaceae) –is a glabrous twining shrub, strong climber with greenish flower in globose, lateral umbelliform cymes it is widely used as an anti-diabetic agent in Northern and southern Nigerian traditional medicine, Studies were conducted to determine the phytochemical constituents of leaf and bark ethyl acetate extracts of Anisopus mannii and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity, using the agar well diffusion technique using standard phytochemical analysis procedure...