ABSTRACT Trachoma is one of the water-related infectious diseases that affects the eyes and manifests itself in impoverished, rural areas with little access to clean safe water and proper sanitation that disproportionately afflicts women and children in poor communities. It is a bacterial disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis that is highly infectious and can spread through an infected person’s hands or clothing or transmitted by flies that have been in contact with discharge or nose of a...
ABSTRACT Puerperal sepsis is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality and is usually within the first 42 days after child birth/pregnancy termination. It is a common pregnancy-related condition, which could eventually lead to obstetric shock or even death. Studies have shown that puerperal sepsis is the second cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the resource poor countries. One‘s susceptibility to developing an infection is related to such factors as cesarean section, exte...
ABSTRACT The terms Total Quality Management and Continuous Quality Improvement are no longer used to show high class or feel good attitude but are practices put in place to gain an edge in the business, and have become woven into the very fabric of hospital operations. The role of Total Quality Management in a firm is to ensure integration of firms operations and processes to achieve clients’ satisfaction and meet organizational objective. This study sought to examine critical attributes fo...
Although most studies document the benefit of delaying umbilical cord clamping in relation to improved haemoglobin levels, few of those studies have been done in low resource settings. Standard routine practice in most facilities is generally clamping umblical cord in less than 60 seconds. This study therefore sought to establish the effects of umbilical cord clamping time on infant nutritional status at 6 months at Longisa County Referral Hospital through randomized controlled trial des...
ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) defines adolescents as individuals in the 10-19 years age group. Every year estimated 21million girls aged 15-19 years, and 2.5 million girls under 15 years become pregnant and approximately 3.9 million girls aged 15-19 years undergo unsafe abortion every year. Despite the high sexual activity by the Malawian adolescents which is rated at 51 percent, there is low utilization of modern contraception. Failure to utilize the modern contraceptio...
ABSTRACT Although vaccines currently approved for routine childhood immunization are safe and effective, frequent Adverse Events Following Immunization often cause ill health and sometimes loss of public trust in immunization programs. Nurses are essential in AEFI surveillance. During the pre-licensure clinical trials, serious adverse events with low occurrence frequency go undetected due to limited number of enrolled subjects. In Nairobi County, only one Adverse Event Following Immunization ...
ABSTRACT Typhoid is a disease of public health importance which affects people of all walks of lives in urban, per-urban and rural areas. Water borne diseases, typhoid included kill about five million babies annually and make one sixth of the world population ill. It is estimated that globally about 17 million cases of typhoid fever occur annually causing 600,000 deaths. Typhoid fever is still common in the developing world, where it affects about 12.5 million persons each year. In Kenya the ...
ABSTRACT Obesity is a complex condition that is caused by a mixture of medical, psychological and environmental factors. Childhood obesity is characterized by rise in the number of fat cells. It is one of today’s visible yet neglected Public Health problems with serious health implications such as type2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases that affect individuals in all ages and socio-economic groups. This was a crossectional study aimed at investigating the prevalence of obes...
ABSTRACT Cancer is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide with approximately fourteen million new cases and eight million cancer related deaths annually with an approximated 60 per cent of these new cases and 70 percent of these deaths occurring in Africa and other developing countries. Cervical cancer in particular has contributed a fair share of this burden. In Kenya, cervical cancer incidence and prevalence is second to breast cancer and leading cause of cancer rela...
Most hazardous health effects of activities in small scale industries may not be apparent immediately, however they emerge much later in the life of the exposed individuals. One such small scale industrial activity, is spray painting in informal auto garages, popularly known in Kenya as “Jua Kali garages”. Although various disease symptoms may be associated with spray painting, respiratory and skin diseases are the major ones. The objective of this study therefore, was to establish ...
ABSTRACT Knowledge of one’s HIV status through HIV Testing and Counselling remains the first step towards HIV prevention, appropriate care, support and treatment services. The knowledge needs to be coupled with means of accessing and obtaining essential post test services including appropriate care and treatment for all individuals who test HIV positive. Through linkages with care, treatment and support programs, HTC is expected to contribute to lessening the impact of the HIV epidemic on ...
ABSTRACT Worldwide, there has been an increasing concern about occupational exposures and injuries among welders in both the small scale and large scale manufacturing industries. Occupational hazards include activities, processes, or materials related to welding with the potential to cause harm or adverse health effects on people performing this task. The sprawling of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the developing world provides several challenges to ensuring health and safety p...
ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of HIV/AIDS on selected cooperative societies in Kenya. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that was undertaken in six districts of Kenya namely Makueni, Thika, Meru Central, Uasin Gishu, Nandi South and Kericho. Qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were used with respondents being members of cooperative societies, society’s leaders, employees of the societies and staff of the ministry of cooperatives. Data was analyzed using ...
ABSTRACT HIV and AIDS is one of the biggest threats to global health and stability. UNAIDS estimated that there were 33.3 million people living with HIV at the end of 2009. In 2009, there were an estimated 2.6 million people who became newly infected with HIV. In sub-Saharan Africa, where the majority of new HIV infections continue to occur, an estimated 1.8 million people became infected in the same year; Individuals in their most productive years (15-49 years old) are most commonly infected...
ABSTRACT Adolescent sexual and reproductive health is a priority in the global agenda because of its associated negative reproductive health outcomes. It is estimated that Homabay County contributes 11.5% of adolescents aged 10-19 years living with HIV in Kenya. The fertility rate among girls aged 15-19 is also high in Homabay with a reported teenage pregnancy rate of 33% and the age-specific fertility rate of 178 births per 1000 girls. This study aimed to determine the influence of school ba...