Abstract: The epidemiology of malaria may vary considerably within relatively small geographical areas; besides, it is currently reported that Onchocerca-infected individuals living in onchocerciasis endemic areas are also susceptible to malaria because malaria shares similar epidemiological characteristics with onchocerciasis. Therefore, the present study was aimed at assessing the current and past magnitude of malaria parasite and Onchocerca volvulus infections and co-infections among fiel...
Abstract: Malaria is one of the major public health problems in many tropical and subtropical developing countries such as Ethiopia. Consequently, malaria epidemics are serious public health emergencies. ITNs (Insecticide Treated bed Nets) are the most powerful malaria control tool. The utilization of ITNs is still unacceptably low among people in village. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to determine the current prevalence of malaria, to identify the predominant Plasmodium spe...
Abstract: Hemophilia is the condition in which the blood clots very slowly and in severe cases spontaneous bleeding into muscles and joints. It is genetic disorder caused primarily by a deficiency of important coagulation or clotting factors. The purpose of this project based thesis was to determine the prevalence of hemophilia cases over the past ten years among patients visiting Black Lion Hospital. Retrospective study was conducted by using all the available secondary data from the patien...
Abstract: Medicinal plants were used for centuries as remedies for human diseases because they contain components of therapeutic value, there is an increasing interest in phytochemicals as new sources of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Microbial infections have become one of the major problems of public health in the world and the development of resistance to the available antibiotics has lead researchers to investigate the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants. Essential ...
Abstract: Pesticides include naturally occurring and man-made substances which are used to control destructive pests such as insects, plant disease organisms, and weeds. Without protection provided by pesticides the average crop loss due to pests and weeds in Ethiopia is estimated to reach 80% percent annually. As a result farmers in Biyo Awale district have been widely using synthetic chemicals such as pesticides, fungicides and herbicides in agricultural production to prevent or control ar...
Abstract: Safe water and sanitation are fundamental to life and everyone has a right to these basic services. The generation of recent information about both the water quality status and sanitation condition is highly important for intervention. Hence, a descriptive study was conducted to assess the quality of drinking water supplied to the residents of Deder town at the point of water sources, reservoirs, taps water and household containers from June 2020 to January 2021. A survey of 24 wat...
Abstract: Although the Cesarean section (CS) is a safe operation, it puts babies at risk of short-term health problems when performed without medical need. Previous studies mainly relied upon chart review about the identification of immediate neonatal outcome after cesarean delivery. Therefore, there is a perceived gap in recent studies in determining the magnitude and determinants of the cesarean section’s immediate adverse neonatal outcome. Objective: Determine the magnitude and determin...
Abstract: Access to improved water source for drinking and other domestic uses is a major developmental challenge in many developing countries. In Ethiopia due to its different geological formations and climatic conditions water distribution is uneven spatial and temporal across the nation, i.e. there was water scarcity in the Eastern part of the country. Even though accessible water supply is a critical issue to ensure the quality of life, there no study conduct on Water accessibility in Ji...
Medical delivery is a critical service in any nation because it determines how quickly medical supplies are delivered to consumers in the market. One of the nations where medical delivery is a key service is Germany (Weller et al.,2022). This is because a significant proportion of the nation’s population suffers from various health conditions that require constant use of medication (Wallert al., 2022). For example, 40% of all deaths in Germany are attributed to cardiovascular diseases, mea...
Abstract: This study sought to evaluate awareness and knowledge of diabetes mellitus, an important global disease, among staff at a large private university in Botswana. Findings point to a general lack of awareness and knowledge about the disease among the university staff. Respondents consisted of 63% lecturing and 37% non-lecturing staff. The distribution by gender was roughly 50-50. Overall awareness of diabetes mellitus was 66% of respondents awareness being higher for females at (34%) ...
Abstract: Maintaining the water quality in the distribution system is crucial to supplying safe drinking water to consumers. The main aim of the study was to analyse physicochemical, bacteriological parameters and investigate prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their antibiotic resistance genes in the drinking water distribution system in Maun, Botswana. Forty-four water samples were collected at different season interval and were tested for chlorine and turbidity and the results...
Abstract: Knowledge with respect to adolescents’ intentions to engage in protective sexual behaviours is still deficient in numerous countries around the world, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where HIV prevalence is the highest. Increasing cross-sectional research suggests that the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) is robust in predicting condom use intentions. This study used secondary, baseline data from a study involving 794 in-school adolescents. A structural equation model w...
Abstract: The successful development of COVID-19 vaccines accelerates global post-pandemic recovery by vaccinating populations, targeting priority groups to reduce secondary transmission. This facilitates relaxation of imposed restrictions on international and regional travel, tourism industry, education sectors and other aspects of social life. The vaccination process is done by targeting priority groups to reduce secondary transmission and uncertainties triggered by emerging COVID-19 varia...
Abstract: As new viruses and new pandemics emerge we face the question as to whether our global health systems are well prepared to deal with them. Non pharma ceutical measures are a key control measure in the battle against infectious diseases especially in the absence of vaccines or when available vaccine quantities are not sufficient. The 2014-2016 West African outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) was the largest and most deadly to date. Contact tracing, following up those who may have b...
Abstract: The COVID-19 disease burden continues to be high worldwide and vaccines continue to be developed to help combat the pandemic. Acceptance and risk perception for COVID-19 vaccines is unknown in Botswana despite the government's decision to roll out the vaccine nationally. Objectives This study aims to assess the acceptance rate and risk perception of COVID-19 vaccines amongst the general population in Botswana. Methods We interviewed 5300 adults in Botswana from 1-28 February 2021 u...