Abstract: The main aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of potentially zoonotic bacterial genera in accurately identified indigenous rodents from South Africa. Bacterial prevalence and diversity were determined by PCR amplification and sequence analyses. Rodents were molecularly identified by amplification and sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene region. Three species (Aethomys ineptus, Mastomys coucha and Otomys angoniensis) belonging to...
Abstract A cross sectional study was conducted in 60 commercial poultry farms (38 open ,18 semi closed and 4 closed system ) in River Nile State , distributed in 4 localities (Atbara , Aldamer , Shendi and Barber) included layer , broiler and grower farms . Data were collected by using structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using Descriptive Statistics Method and Chi Square .The practices and infrastructure observed in the farms were inconsistent with the three principle elements of...
ABSTRACT A cross sectional and retrospective study was carried out to assess the impact of flood on waterborne bacterial pathogens in Anambra River. Under conditions of climate change, heavy rain and flood would increase the risk of faecal contamination of surface and ground water. This increases the risk of waterborne zoonoses. Waterborne infections result from drinking water contaminated by pathogens such as E. coli and Salmonella discharged from human or animal excreta. The objectives of ...
ABSTRACT An epidemiological survey was conducted between November and December 2007 in 30 randomly selected villages and four slaughterslabs in Mbozi and Mbeya Rural districts, southern Tanzania, to determine the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis. Fifteen villages and three slaughterslabs were from Mbozi and fifteen villages and one slaughterslab were from Mbeya Rural. A total of 600 live pigs (300 in each district) of different sex and age categories were randomly selected from smallholde...
ABSTRACT Three medicinal plants, Albizia anthelmintica, Salvadora persica and Vernonia amygdalina used in traditional medicine in Magu district, Mwanza were investigated for antimicrobial and anthelmintic activity. Informal interviews carried out in two villages of Nassa ginnery and Mwanangi, revealed several plants used in traditional medicine to treat humans and livestock diseases. These plants were alleged to be effective in treating abdominal pains, worm infestations including schistosom...
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to establish the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis (caused by Taenia solium), hydatidosis and ascariosis in slaughter pigs, and assess the state and distribution of pig slaughter slabs in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania, between November 2007 and January 2008. All 24 official slaughter slabs located in the three municipalities of Dar es Salaam city (Kinondoni, Ilala, Temeke), were included in the study. A geographical positioning system (GPS) was used to m...
ABSTRACT Diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in asymptomatic goats is a big challenge towards control of the disease in mixed herds. This is because not all of the available diagnostic methods in cattle are easily applicable and capable of detecting the disease in goats. In this study, two BTB diagnostic tests commonly used in cattle were employed to diagnose BTB in goats. The study established the potency and effiency of conventional comparative intraderma test (CIT) over interferon (IFN)...
ABSTRACT Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is fatal if untreated and causes severe morbidity. In Tanzania HAT is caused by Trypanosoma b. rhodesiense. Trypanosomiasis in livestock is the major impediment to livestock farming and it limits the full potential of agricultural development in Tanzania. This study was undertaken in Kasulu district of Kigoma region, an area that is endemic for both human and animal trypanosomiasis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of trypanosomiasis in...
ABSTRACT Haptoglobin gene encodes for an acute phase protein; Haptoglobin and is expressed in three different polymorphic forms, Hp1-1, Hp1-2 and Hp2-2. Various studies on pathogenesis of Malaria maintain that Haptoglobin polymorphism influences host susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum infection. A number of studies provide evidence that, individuals carrying Hp2-2 genotype are resistant to both Malaria infection and development of severe disease although some have shown that no influence...
ABSTRACT Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is one of the five countries that carry half of the global disease burden. Yet, malaria is an entirely preventable and treatable disease, when currently recommended interventions are properly implemented. Such interventions include confirmation of malaria diagnosis through microscopy or malaria rapid diagnostic tests (MRDTs) for every suspected case, even in children under five years of age. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of malaria infec...
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to estimate the porcine cysticercosis prevalence by meat inspection, identify the risk factors of porcine cysticercosis along the pig/pork marketing channels and describe the pig productions systems. Data for prevalence were obtained using census of all pig carcasses going through the meat inspection point over a 3-months period. A ledger was used to register information regarding all cysticercosis post mortem inspection findings. The meat inspection was ev...
ABSTRACT A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in sheep and goats kept under traditional management system in Meru district, Tanzania in September 2014, with the objective of determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthosis in small ruminants, identification of the most prevalent helminths, determination of helminth infection intensity in traditional management system and assessment of farmers awareness on small ruminants helminth control practice. In this study a tot...
ABSTRACT: Human activities modify ecosystem structure and function and can also alter the vital rates of vectors and thus the risk of infection with vector-borne diseases. In the Maasai Steppe ecosystem of northern Tanzania, local communities depend on livestock and suitable pasture that is shared with wildlife, which can increase tsetse abundance and the risk of trypanosomiasis. We monitored the monthly tsetse fly abundance adjacent to Tarangire National Park in 2014-2015 using geo-reference...
ABSTRACT Fifteen female grasscutters, obtained from David Mark Farms, Otukpo, Benue State, Nigeria, were used for the study. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 5 each according to their ages; 1-3 months, 4-6 months and 7-9 months. They were acclimatized for 14 days. The live weights of the grasscutters were obtained. They were then euthanized with gaseous chloroform in an air-tight container. The female reproductive system (ovaries, uterine tubes, uterine horns, uterus duplex, cervi...
Abstract The physiological, biochemical and anaesthetic effects of the drug combinations were studies in West African Dwarf goat. In protocol I, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the HR of GP I goats at 10 mins post-induction (PI), which significantly (p < 0.05) decreased from 30 min PI. The HR significantly decreased (p < 0.05) at 20 min in GP IV goats, and at 10 min GP II goats, and returned to the pre-anaesthetic value at 40 min PI. However, HR decreased significantly (p < 0...