ABSTRACT Levels and trends in contraceptive use in Kenya underscore the need to examine the dynamics of contraceptive use in the country. The contraceptive prevalence rate has been on the increase from 7% in 1978 to 58% in 2014. Similarly, implant contraceptive prevalence rate has increased from 0% in 1993 to 9.9% in 2014. As the CPR increases, current and potential users of family planning are increasingly drawn from women with a past history of contraceptive use. This implies that a further...
ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a persistent metabolic disorder, characterized by high levels of blood glucose due to defects in secretion of insulin, action or both. Globally, due to lifestyle changes, type 2 diabetes is widespread causing a serious health concern and more so in developing countries. The disorder threatens to reach pandemic levels if actions are not taken. The situation is critical in Kenya, since diabetes prevalence (3.3%) is on the rise which threatens the health of general ...
ABSTRACT Post Natal Care (PNC) has been demonstrated to reduce both the maternal and infants‟ morbidities and mortalities; however, the uptake has been low. It is just about 51% of women in Kenya, who receive these services from a skilled health care worker. There has been little investigation of factors associated with the use of these services. The objective of the study was to determine factors that influence utilization of PNC services. Specifically, the study focused on the socio-demog...
ABSTRACT The subject of adolescent sexual and reproductive health has acquired prominence more than ever before in recent years, dominating local and international forums deliberating on adolescent sexual and reproductive health. Most of the discussions, targeted interventions and researches undertaken on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) have looked at the issue from infrastructural and resource capital allocation culminating into school-based reproductive health programs. Pas...
ABSTRACT The recovery of items from waste for reuse and recycling of waste represents an important strategy for waste minimization. The objectives of this study was to determine the type and amount of inorganic solid waste recycled, stages involved in collection, separation, reuse and recycling of ISW, institutional arrangement and policies in place for ISW reuse and recycling and opportunities and challenges encountered in ISW reuse and recycling. Sampling methods used to select the study u...
ABSTRACT Under nutrition is the underlying cause of more than half of all deaths in children aged less than five years worldwide. There are 143 million children under five who are underweight in the developing world. In Kenya, severe acute malnutrition is responsible for 82,000 deaths annually with a significant percentage being from urban slums. The purpose of this study was to assess nutritional status children aged 6-59 months in Mathare valley, a low income settlement in Nairobi. A cross-...
ABSTRACT Information on impacts of subdivision of ranches on land cover is important as it forms vital baseline among others for the detection of impacts of degradation of rangeland and economic resources in the area. This study was conducted between May and November, 2012. The broad objective for the study was to assess the impacts of subdivision of ranches and subsequent land use change on land cover and rangeland resources in the study area. The research employed various data collection m...
ABSTRACT Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes one of the most serious viral diseases of poultry. The virus is a member of the new Avularvirus genus in the family Paramyxoviridae. NDV has a negative stranded RNA genome which is approximately 15 Kb. NDV has a worldwide distribution, affects chicken, non-chicken poultry and wild birds. Mortality and morbidity of Newcastle disease (ND) in chicken may reach 100% in non immune birds. In Kenya, 70% of the thirty million poultry are indigenous chick...
ABSTRACT Lake Naivasha located at latitude 0 0 45’ S, and longitude 360 20’ E, was designated a Ramsar site in 1995. It is an important resource to many stakeholders and has a fragile ecosystem that experiences rapid changes associated with natural and anthropogenic factors such as huge water abstraction for irrigation agriculture, fertilizer residues runoffs from the agro-based farms and sediments discharged by River Malewa among others. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the leve...
ABSTRACT Tungiasis is high in many resource-poor communities in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean. Tunga penetrans is an ecto-parasite which thrives well in sandy and dirty environments and it causes a skin disease called tungiasis. This study assessed tungiasis risk factors in rural community in Murang’a East Sub county. Murang’a East Sub county is one of the twenty Sub counties which are considered to have high prevalence of tungiasis by the Ministry of Health. The Sub...
Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody production that can result in damage to multiple organ systems. The present study aimed to investigate Human Leukocyte Antigen class II in Systemic lupus erythromatous (SLE) Sudanese patients, the Anti nuclear auto antibodies profile in patient, the antiphospholipid autoantibodies as well as hematological abnormalities. Eighty SLE patients and sixty matching ethnicity and sex healthy controls...
ABSTRACT Plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular Meloidogyne spp., cause significant yield reduction in commercial pineapple (Ananas comosus) worldwide. In Kenya limited studies have been conducted on nematodes in pineapple although the main commercial producer in Kenya has sole mandate to use Telone II (1, 3-Dichloropropene) indicating the seriousness of the problem. The current study was conducted to provide an update on the occurrence of plant-parasitic nematodes in commercial pineapple f...
Abstract This case control study was conducted in Khartoum state – Sudan during the period from April to November 2018. The study aimed to study effect of oral contraceptive pill on factor V leiden. The Study included 50 women who use oral contraceptive as cases and 50 women don’t use oral contraceptive pill as control, all subject were informed verbally about the study and approved for participation. From each participant 3 ml of venous blood collected in EDTA container then sample prep...
ABSTRACT Crown gall is one of the major constraint in rose flower production in Kenya. The study aimed at developing a bacterial based biopesticide to manage crown gall disease on roses. A baseline survey on status of crown gall disease was conducted from July to October, 2017 using a questionnaire administered to the production managers in randomly selected flower farms in Kiambu, Nakuru and Laikipia Counties. Pathogen and the biocontrol isolates were isolated from galls and soil samples, re...
ABSTRACT Devolution has been seen by its proponents as a way of improving access and efficiency in the delivery of services to the people since the decisions are made close to the people, hence decision makers are more accountable to them. With the onset of Kenya’s devolution in March 2013 as provided for in the Constitution of Kenya of 2010, healthcare resources have been at the dispensation of the counties together with all the devolved functions. However, there is no assurance of any eff...