Medical & Health Sciences

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Medical & Health Sciences Research Papers/Topics

Implementation Of Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture In The Central Province Of Zambia

ABSTRACT The Central Province of Zambia contains the majority of the nation’s malnourished children, despite being the most productive province in terms of Agriculture. Most studies focused on household food consumption rather than the linkages between agriculture performance and nutrition outcomes of the population. In light of this knowledge gap, this study focused on the linkage between nutrition and agriculture. The study assessed the extent to which the Ministry of Agriculture in Zambi...

Assessing The Roles Of Community Based Service Providers And Healthcare Workers In The Prevention Of Relapse Among Tb Infected Patients In Namibia

ABSTRACT Background: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis commonly referred to as (TB) is still one of the major health concerns, with high prevalence globally as well as in Namibia. While significant progress has been achieved in the prevention and treatment services of TB in the country, including use of community-based service providers and community-based health workers, the number of relapse cases remained high. The study aimed at assessing the role of Community Based Service Providers in the prev...

Prevalence And Determinants Of Undernutrition Among 6-59 Months Children In Lowland And Highland Areas In Kilosa District, Tanzania

ABSTRACT Undernutrition is the most dominant form of malnutrition among children in developing countries including Tanzania. Despite several studies on prevalence of undernutrition among children of 6-59 months old in Tanzania there is limited information on the differences in prevalence between the highland and lowland areas. This study aimed to assess nutritional status and its determinants, dietary intake as well as nutrients content in food consumed by children aged 6-59 months in the low...

Studies On Human Brucellosis In The Mikumi Selous Ecosystem, Morogoro, Tanzania.

ABSTRACT Febrile zoonotic diseases from animals such as brucellosis are common and share many clinical manifestations with other fever causing diseases like malaria. The febrile zoonotic diseases are rarely routinely diagnosed or misdiagnosed in patients presenting with feverish conditions in many of the health facilities. Brucellosis in Morogoro region may be exacerbated by a number of factors including the presence of human-livestock-wildlife interface in the Mikumi Selous Ecosystem. The in...

Prevalence Of Bovine Brucellosis In Smallholder Dairy Farms In Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

ABSTRACT A cross sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence of bovine brucellosis in smallholder dairy farms in Morogoro Municipality. Milk and blood samples collected from 450 dairy cows in thirteen wards of Morogoro Municipality were examined for Brucella antibodies‟ using the Milk Ring Test as an initial screening test followed by Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay was used as a confirmatory test. Questionnaires were also administered to 135 respondents to assess po...

Community Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices On Dog Management And Epidemiology Of Parasitic Infestations In Dogs Of Mvomero District And Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

ABSTRACT Dogs are the earliest animals to be domesticated by humans. In many areas of Tanzania, dogs are poorly managed and rarely protected from diseases which turn them to be reservoirs of diseases that can be shared to human and livestock. A cross sectional study was conducted between October 2017 and January 2018 to assess the community knowledge, attitudes, practices and to study the epidemiology of parasitic infestations in dogs of Mvomero district and Morogoro Municipality. The structu...

Assessment Of Iodine Status Of School Children, Pregnant And Lactating Women In Mufindi And Kilosa Districts, Tanzania

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to assess iodine status of school-aged children, pregnant, lactating and normal women in Rungemba, Kitelewasi, Kinyanambo and Berega villages. Data were collected by using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Urine and salt samples were collected and analyzed to determine iodine concentrations. Anthropometric measurements including weight and height and records of age, sex and gestation age for the pregnant women were also taken. Data were analysed by usin...

Prevalence And Molecular Characterisation Of Group B Streptococcus In Pregnant Women From Hospitals In Ohangwena And Oshikoto Regions Of Namibia

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Group B streptococcus (GBS) naturally colonises the lower gastrointestinal and female genitourinary tract. It poses a great risk of morbidity and mortality to infants born to colonised mothers. It is highly implicated in maternal infections such as endometritis and chorioamnionitis as well as neonatal infections such as pneumonia, meningitis and septicaemia. It also causes stillbirths and miscarriages in colonised women. Group B streptococcus infection in neonates is class...

Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Of Women On Local Control Measures For Brucellosis In Kilosa District, Morogoro - Tanzania

ABSTRACT Women’s major responsibilities in agricultural and family welfare increase their roles in transmission of diseases hence making them vulnerable to many diseases including zoonoses. Knowing appropriate local control measures to control brucellosis would help improve disease situation at family level and communities in general. This cross sectional study, conducted from November 2013 to September 2014 at Kilosa District, aimed at assessing women’s knowledge, attitudes and practices...

Prevalence And Antimicrobial Susceptibility Of Bacteria Isolated From Herbal Medicines Vended In Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

ABSTRACT Herbal medicines are plant-derived materials used as therapeutic substances or dietary supplements. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate prevalence of bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in herbal medicinal products (HMP) vended in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. Fifty samples of HMPs were purchased from vendors in six locations in Morogoro Municipality. The samples were analysed by using laboratory standard procedures...

Studies On Human Brucellosis In The Mikumi Selous Ecosystem, Morogoro, Tanzania

ABSTRACT Febrile zoonotic diseases from animals such as brucellosis are common and share many clinical manifestations with other fever causing diseases like malaria. The febrile zoonotic diseases are rarely routinely diagnosed or misdiagnosed in patients presenting with feverish conditions in many of the health facilities. Brucellosis in Morogoro region may be exacerbated by a number of factors including the presence of human-livestock-wildlife interface in the Mikumi Selous Ecosystem. The in...

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Porcine Cysticercosis Associated With Traditional Pig Production And Marketing In Angónia District, Mozambique

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to estimate the porcine cysticercosis prevalence by meat inspection, identify the risk factors of porcine cysticercosis along the pig/pork marketing channels and describe the pig productions systems. Data for prevalence were obtained using census of all pig carcasses going through the meat inspection point over a 3-months period. A ledger was used to register information regarding all cysticercosis post mortem inspection findings. The meat inspection was ev...

Prevalence Of Gastrointestinal Helminthosis In Small Ruminants Kept Under Traditional Management System In Meru District, Tanzania

ABSTRACT A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in sheep and goats kept under traditional management system in Meru district, Tanzania in September 2014, with the objective of determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthosis in small ruminants, identification of the most prevalent helminths, determination of helminth infection intensity in traditional management system and assessment of farmers awareness on small ruminants helminth control practice. In this study a tot...

Reproductive Age In Madizini Township And Its Hinterland Villages

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to assess household dietary diversity and nutritional status of children and women in Madizini township and its surrounding 3 hinterland villages of Manyinga, Lungo and Mhonda. A total of 160 women with their children between 12-59 months old were randomly sampled from village registers. Data were collected by using a structured questionnaire. A 24-hours recall on household dietary intake was conducted from which dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated u...

Effects Of Air Pollution On Tomato Plants (Lycopersicon Esculentum) Grown Along Waiyaki Highway In Nairobi County, Kenya

ABSTRACT Vehicle exhaust fumes emission, as one of leading major source among smoke producing air pollutants, was examined in this study. Nairobi, a mega-city with increasingly high levels of air pollution was studied with special emphasis on one of its roads, Waiyaki Highway. Objectives were to find if there is air pollution, air pollution effects growth and stress of plants. This road was investigated to gain scientific understanding of the effects of vehicle fumes on plants. Hotspots (ICEA...


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