Abstract: Sialo-oligosaccharides are found on the distal ends of glycans present on mammalian cell surfaces. They play major roles in cell growth, function, and are determinants of many disease states. Due to the important physiological role of glycoconjugates, there has been increased focus towards the development of drugs and vaccines that are carbohydrate based. Sialo-oligosaccharides can be synthesized through chemical means or by use of enzymes. Enzymes are preferred in the synthesis pr...
Abstract: Mosquito host seeking behaviour is mediated by chemical, physical and visual cues. Identification of chemical and physical cues utilized by mosquitoes in host location can lead to the development of novel vector management strategies. This research set out to identify synthetic odour blends that simulate human body emanations that can be used to develop mass trapping devices for vector management. The relative attractiveness of human body emanations and synthetic odour blends as at...
Abstract: During the course of malaria infection, a range of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are produced by the host immune system. Successful recovery from malaria involves striking a balance between these counteracting cytokines. The cytokine imbalance contributes to pathological features but their exact levels have not been elucidated. The present study aimed at investigating the role played by circulating cytokines in pathophysiology of cerebral malaria. Using an experimental cereb...
Abstract: Arboviral pathogens are a growing public health problem especially in Africa. Bridge vectors facilitate virus transmission to humans from forest or sylvatic environments although the species involved are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of Aedes chaussieri in sylvatic arboviral transmission cycle. Archived samples collected from the Oloolua Forest in the outskirts of Nairobi, Kenya, were analyzed in pools for viruses by cell culture in Vero Cells follow...
Abstract: Zoophilic mosquitoes play an important role in the transmission of arboviruses of medical importance at human-wildlife interfaces, yet arbovirus surveillance efforts have been focused mostly on anthropophilic mosquitoes. Besides pathogen identification, knowing mosquito blood-meal sources aids in identifying disease transmission trends and reservoir hosts during inter-epidemic periods, which can inform appropriate vector control strategies. We morphologically identified mosquito sp...
Background: Adequate knowledge and awareness of cleft lip and palate (CLP) deformity may help to counter thenegative beliefs and attitudes toward the condition. The objective of this study was to assess the level of awareness,knowledge and attitude of women attending antenatal clinics about CLP.Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional descriptive study with the aid of a structured interview administeredquestionnaire was conducted among 200 women attending antenatal clinics in three Federal ...
Abstract Narcolepsy is a complex sleep disorder that causes excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks. It’s caused by a deficiency in a neurotransmitter called hypocretin, which regulates wakefulness. Narcolepsy also includes symptoms like cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hallucinations. The root cause is the loss or dysfunction of hypocretin-producing neurons in the brain. Despite being misunderstood, recognizing the symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness is crucial for identi...
Even though there is plethora of scientific literature available regarding the role of gut microbiome in hypertension, but till date, there is neither clarity nor established guidelines and consensus regarding strain-specificity for hypertension in any of the existing national and international guidelines like European Society of Hypertension (ESH), International Society of Hypertension (ISH) etc. Innovative microbiome-based or targeted medication related research, which have the pote...
There is an exponential increase in prevalence of diabetes and hypertension worldwide and more so in India, and despite of numerous state and national awareness programs and evidence-based approach in management of these diseases, the burden of mortality and morbidity, instead of decreasing, has been rapidly climbing upwards. Hence, there is definite need of precision medicine approach, even though the pathway would be challenging, can provide more precise treatment to an individual base...
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ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and fertility of Hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus in Cattle slaughtered in selected abattoirs in Northern Nigeria and Federal Capital Territory (FCT) from February to December, 2022. Gross examination was carried out by visual inspection and palpation of lungs and liver of 1,881 Cattle in order to determine the availability and organ localization of hydatid cysts. A total of 95(5.1%) of the study population harboured one ...
Background/Aim: Immune tolerance in the fetal–maternal junction is maintained by a balance in the Th1/Th2 system. Th1‐type immunity is associated with pro‐inflammatory cytokines and immune checkpoint molecules (ICMs) such as B7‐H1, while Th2‐type immunity is characterized by anti‐inflammatory cytokines and ICMs such as B7‐1. Any imbalance in the Th1/Th2 immune system may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as pre‐eclampsia (PE). Hitherto, the potential of serum B7‐1 and ...
Abstract The research was conducted on the topic “Assessment Of The Thermal And Non-Thermal Impact Of Ultrasound, A Case Study Of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika Zaria”. Ultrasound sonography is an imaging technique of generating images using a very high frequency sound wave. Sound is a mechanical, vibration form of energy. Ultrasound for medical imaging is generated in special crystalline materials which, when electrically excited, are capable of vibrating at frequen...
ABSTRACT Diabetes is one of the most rapidly increasing non communicable diseases which has emerged as a public health concern across the world. Adherence to recommended dietary practices for patients with diabetes is very critical to achieve optimal metabolic control, as non-adherence is associated with adverse effects, which eventually lead to major complications. The study assessed factors related to non-adherence to dietary modification among patients with diabetes attending clinic at Ho...
Abstract Background: The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing with the increase in age, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle. Main treatment goals of type 2 diabetes are maintenance of good metabolic control, prevention of complications, improvement of psychological health and quality of life. Objective: To compare the Physiological effects of brisk walking, yoga and non-walking among type 2 diabetic patients. Material and Methods: Out of 120 patients 45 agreed for brisk w...