Abstract/Overview Positive Maps Are Essential In the Description of Quantum Systems. However, Characterization Of The Structure Of The Set Of All Positive Maps Is A Challenge In Mathematics And Mathematical Physics. We Construct A Linear Positive Map From M4 To M5 And State The Conditions Under Which They Are Positive And Completely Positive (Copositivity Of Positive).
Abstract *e notion of metric dimension originated in the twentieth century by the work done by Slater [1, 2] and latter independently by Harary and Melter [2]. *e initial concept was introduced to locate the intruder in any network but the development and impact of the notion was far reaching in coming years. Several applications of metric related network parameters can be seen in social networking, navigation, communications, and engineering, pharmaceutical chemistry. *e fault tolerance of ...
Abstract The emergence of Covid-19 posed a great health challenge worldwide. Health care facilitieswere stretched beyond limit, with no space to admit new critical patients. This motivated thisstudy, which sought to understand the dynamics around queues, particularly in hospitals. Themain objective was to analyze the queuing process between the Emergency Department (ED)and Internal Wards (IW) at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, in order to understand patientflow with the view to minimizin...
Abstract Parameter estimation is a growing area of interest in statistical signal processing. Some parameters in real-life applications vary in space as opposed to those that are static. Most common methods in estimating parameters involve solving an optimization problem where the cost function is assembled variously, for example, maximum likelihood and maximum a posteriori methods. However, these methods do not have exact solutions to most real-life problems. It is for this reason that Mont...
Abstract Background. The HIV epidemic varies significantly across different groups in the SSA region, and complicates designing effective general interventions. We aim at uncovering temporal trends in HIV prevalence disaggregated by age, sex, and country. Method. We determined HIV prevalence trends among males and females aged 15-49 years for surveys conducted from the years 2003-2007 (period 1) and 2013-2018 (period 2) in SSA. Countries were divided into three clusters based on their socio-...
Abstract/Overview Long-term Earth observation based vegetation index records have been used extensively by researchers to assess vegetation response to global climate variability and change. However, the records exhibit multiple temporal gaps due to spectral and radiometric inconsistencies that inhibit accurate assessment of land surface vegetation dynamics. Here, we propose a new reconstruction procedure that approximates Bayesian time series model by using integrated nested Laplace appr...
Abstract/Overview Sugarcane is the main raw material in the production of sugar in Kenya. The supply of sugarcane affects directly the quantity of sugar supplied in the markets. Low supply of sugarcane leads to a decline in the amount of sugar supplied to the markets and vice versa. This creates the need of determining the quantity of sugarcane supplied by the farmers to the industries to facilitate planning. This study employed Box Jenkins predictive models in forecasting the monthly qua...
Abstract/Overview The Lefkovitch stage specific matrix population models are divided into discrete stage classes defined by a growth variable such as size, height and diameter at breast height for trees. In matrix model, the deterministic matrix projection models are used to estimate growth rate, stable size distribution, reproductive values, and sensitivities of the growth rate to changes in vital rates. This study sampled five forest blocks (Kiptogot, Kimothon, Suam, Saboti and Kitale w...
Abstract/Overview Household water in Kenya is used in agricultural activities, industrial activities and other uses. A lot of water is consumed by indoor appliances. The water management strategy affects the household demand for water. The future demand of water in Kenyan towns has remained uncertain. Therefore this study sought to model household water demand using the non- parametric model in the spectral domain. This study largely relied on the secondary data that was collected from Gu...
Abstract/Overview In queuing theory one deals with the mathematical analysis of the performance of queuing systems. In our daily lives customers encounter queues while seeking services in institutions. The increase in the number of customers has resulted to congestion at revenue collection points in Kenyan towns. There is therefore need to study the queuing systems to identify possible remedies. This study sought to fit a queuing model to bus park revenue collection point as a preliminary...
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to propose and investigate an algorithm for solving a fixed point of η-demimetric mappings. We establish the strong convergence of the proposed algorithm under some mild conditions in Banach spaces. We apply these results to obtain new strong convergence theorems which are connected with the η-demimetric fixed point problems in Hilber/Banach spaces.
Abstract: Heart rate variability refers to the variations in time interval between successive heart beats. An understanding of its dynamics can have clinical importance since it can help distinguish persons with healthy heart beats from those without. Our aim in this thesis was to characterise the dynamics of the human heart rate variabilty from three different groups: normal, heart failure and atrial fibrillation subjects. In particular, we wanted to establish if the dynamics of heart rat...
Abstract: Substance abuse in Botswana is a growing problem with a variety of drugs being abused including cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, marijuana and alcohol among others. At the front line of attempting to address the drug abuse problem is the Botswana Substance Abuse and Support Network (BoSASNet) which operates outpatient rehabilitation and support ser vices that constitute its clinical programme. Due to the criminalisation and stigma associated with drug use and dealing in drugs, the...
Majorly, the world has experienced and is experiencing several outbreaks of infectious diseases that has resulted into an epidemic. The call for proper evaluation and optimal control strategies for such outbreaks is of topmost priority and also reduction or eradication of such infectious disease is paramount. Mathematical models have been developed to this effect to determine, evaluate, predict the spread and ascertain any future effect of such infectious diseases. Our main focus will be main...
Overtime the parameters commonly used to measure the population of a location are number of population in figure, population density in and population growth in percentage. These parameters are not enough to quantify the intensity of the population of the entities of a place. The previous methods of measuring population which are number of population in figure and population density in have huge, lengthy and large figure which is difficult to work with and interpret. Knowing the magnitud...