ABSTRACT There are arthropod-borne disease outbreaks as a result of pathogen influx including arboviruses which are transmitted by strains of Aedes species that occur periodically in varying spots in Kenya. However, there has been paucity of documented information on the epidemiology of Aedes mosquitoes involved in transmission of different strains of viruses. This cross sectional study determined spatial and temporal distribution of Aedes mosquitoes, Dengue and Chikungunya viruses, and...
Abstract This study was conducted on schools children in Al-kalakla locality in Khartoum state. In this study, 134 stool samples were collected from students (67 males and 67 females). The stool samples were processed by wet preparation technique, formal ether concentration technique and saturated sugar floatation technique. The results revealed that out of the 134 stool samples collected from schools children in Al-kalakla locality in Khartoum state, 48 were found positive for gastrointesti...
Abstract Various plants products including seeds are an important source for vitamins, minerals, proteins, and energy. Predominantly they are eaten fresh and uncooked or even if it they are cooked; they are handled in un-hygienic manner that change them to a major source of intestinal infection. This study aimed to assess the parasitic contamination in roasted groundnut, nabag, and tasali sold by street venders at Khartoum state, Sudan at the period from July 2019 to January 2020. A total of...
ABSTRACT An entomological survey was conducted in the lowland and highland of Gonja Maore and Bombo villages respectively in Same District north - eastern Tanzania. The aim of this survey was to estimate the malaria vectors abundance and to determine the malaria vector composition of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus sibling species. Mosquitoes were collected from two identified villages with houses preferred for mosquito resting. In each of the selected village, twelve houses were pr...
ABSTRACT The most important bovine theilerial species in sub-Saharan Africa, Theileria parva, causes widespread morbidity and mortality in endemic areas. A study was conducted in Kilosa District, Morogoro Region, to determine sero - prevalence of Theileria parva, knowledge, attitude and practices of livestock keepers on East Coast Fever (ECF). The prevalence of ECF in indigenous cattle was determined by measuring serum antibodies to Theileria parva using ELISA technique. Three hundred and ei...
ABSTRACT Despite the intensification in malaria control interventions, malaria still remains a major public health problem in malaria-endemic settings. Asymptomatic infections that largely remain undetected act as a reservoir of transmission jeopardizing the current control efforts. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infection, anaemia and submicroscopic parasitaemia in individuals of Korogwe District, a malaria-endemic setting in north-eastern Tanz...
ABSTRACT A cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in small ruminants and associated human and animal exposure risk factors. Serological detection of Toxoplasma antibodies was done in 300 goats and 100 sheep sera by ELISA test (Interlab, São Paulo, Brazil). Information on risk factors was collected by interview method, using structured questionnaires. The overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 27 and 12% in sheep and goats respectively. Dairy goat...
ABSTRACT This is the first study done in Tanzania concerning with parasites of octopus, aimed to investigate parasites in Octopus cyanea along the Indian Ocean of Tanga region in Tanzania. Information from fishermen was required so as to determine their awareness on parasitic infections in octopus. Twenty five per cent (25.3%) agreed on the presence of parasites in octopus skin and muscles but these were not observed during laboratory investigation. Gamogony and sporogony of Aggregata sp (Ap...
ABSTRACT This dissertation was prepared based on “publishable manuscripts” format of the Sokoine University of Agriculture. The dissertation discusses the composition and seasonal abundance of malaria vector species and disease prevalence in potentially high endemic foci in Morogoro region. Well targeted efforts that embrace area-specific situations, at least in high malaria endemic foci, are needed to preserve realized health gains and achieve elimination. This is because malaria is incr...
ABSTRACT Taenia multiceps is a worldwide in distribution which inhabits the small intestine of dogs, foxes, coyotes and jackals. However, until recently, there were no reports of the occurrence of Taenia multiceps associated ill health in Tanzania in livestock. In this study, the prevalence of Taenia multiceps metacestode (Coenurus cerebralis) as well as other Taenia and Echinococcus metacestodes particularly Cysticercus tenuicollis and hydatid cysts in slab-slaughtered sheep and goats, commu...
ABSTRACT Leech infestations are not common in humans and animals, but occur through infested water by drinking or taking bath. It is endemic in rural areas because of inadequate use of safe and clean water. Extent of the problem in Tanzania is not well known because it is a neglected disease, therefore there is little documentation on the leech infestation. Cross-sectional study was conducted in April and May 2015 to determine prevalence and importance of cattle leech infestations in three vi...
Abstract Background Despite significant improvement in prevention and control over the past decades malaria remains a significant public health concern in Tanzania with 93% of the population being at risk. To prevent malaria infection and promote malaria free zones, understanding the community’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward malaria control are essential. This study therefore aimed at determining the levels of understanding, and attitudes, as well as socio-cultural aspects...
ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of exposure to crude oil on rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Thirty (30) adult male albino rats weighing 165 ± 15.0g were used for the study. They were kept in metal cages in a fly-proof house and fed with proprietary rodent diet and given water ad libitum. The rats were divided into five groups (AE) of six rats each. Groups A and B represented the uninfected-unexposed and infectedunexposed controls respectively, wherea...
ABSTRACT Ability of mosquitoes to ingest microfilariae (mf), promote their maturation to the infective stage, and their survival rate to parasite maturation for transmission to humans seems to differ according to geographic mosquito strains. The proportion of ingested m f that develops successfully into L3 may decrease (limitation) or increase (facilitation) with higher mf uptake. Transmission intensity depends on a number of factors such as the level of infection in the human population, vec...