Abstract: Biogas production is one of the technologies that can overcome the problems related to energy Crisis. Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the biogas production potential of Xanthium strumarium leaves in combination with goat manure in anaerobic condition. Completely randomized experimental design was used under mesophilic condition (38ºC). Five batch fermentation treatments (T1=100% goat manure, T2=75% goat manure:25% Xanthium strumarium, T3=50% goat manure:50% X...
Abstract: Pectinase is a heterogeneous group of enzyme which hydrolyzes pectin. Fungi and actinomycetes have ability to produce a large amount of industrial enzymes. Therefore the present study was undertaken production of pectinolytic enzymes from barley (Hordeum vulgare Von. Bothmer) and wheat (Triticum turgidum L.Von) locally called (Garbu or Qamadi) hulls. Wheat and Barley Hulls samples were collected from homes. Isolation of the fungal species was done on czapek-dox-agar media. Fungal i...
Abstract: Energy is one of the most important factors for human development and global economic growth. Renewable energy techniques give a great opportunity for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and decreasing global warming via replacing traditional energy sources. Biogas is a clean, environmental friendly and renewable form of energy generated when micro organisms degrade organic materials in the absence of oxygen. This study was aimed to evaluate the biogas production potential of...
Abstract: Alkaline proteases are one of the classes of protease enzymes which are extensively used in detergent and tanning industries. Currently, there is an increasing demand for biocatalysts from extreme environments that are important sources of microorganisms routinely used in novel industrial enzyme production. In this research attempts were made to isolate and screen for an alternative alkaline protease producing fungal species from abattoir and food wastes. Hence, fungal species were...
Abstract: Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most suitable alternative energy sources, whichcan be harnessed to meet the challenges of energy security. Energy resources such as petroleum and coal are being utilized at a rapid rate and eventually run out. Therefore, this research was initiated to find an alternative substrate for the production of ethanol from a cost-effective substrate. Parthenium leaf and stem were collected from Haramaya University. The collected Parthenium leaf and ste...
Abstract: Watermelon is one of the major utilized fruits grown in the warmer part of the world. The juice or pulp from watermelon is used for human utilization, while rind and seeds are major solid wastes. Endophytic microbes have been an important and potential resource of bioactive compounds. The present study was undertaken to assess phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungal isolates from water melon seeds and fruit rind. The watermelon seed and...
Abstract: Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2, benzenediol oxygen, oxidoreductases) is typically extracellular monomeric glycoproteins that belong to the multicopper oxidase family. Laccase is widely distributed in higher plants, bacteria, fungi, and insects. Laccase play an important role in different industrial sectors, soil bioremediation and biodegradation of environmental phenolic pollutant and removal of endocrine disruptors. Laccase has been efficiently applied to nanobiotechnology due to their abil...
Abstract: Bioactive natural compounds isolated from fungal endophytes have been playing a promising role in the search for novel drugs and becoming an inspiring source for researchers due to their enormous structure diversity and complexity. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi from garlic bulbs and leek leaves. The study involved garlic (Allium sativum) bulb and leek (Alllium Ampeloprasum var. porrum) leaf samples...
Abstract: Production of biogas through anaerobic digestion of organic waste materials provides an alternative eco-friendly renewable energy source. Anaerobic digestion is a technology widely used for the treatment of organic waste for biogas production. Therefore, the study was conducted to investigate the production of biogas from Wild oats co-digested with goat manure through anaerobic digestion with five treatments. The treatments were made into five treatments by mixing substrates in dif...
Abstract: Artificial insemination technology of dairy cattle is a popular technology to improve the performance of new breeds. But, the adoption and utilization of the technology by dairy cattle owners in Ethiopia in general and study area in particular is very low. This study was conducted in Bedele Woreda of Buno Bedele zone of Oromia National Regional State with the aim of assessing determinants of adoption decision and intensity use of artificial insemination technology of dairy cattle. ...
Abstract: Tasmanian devils are the largest living carnivorous marsupial found in the wild of Tasmania. These species are being threatened by a cancerous tumour disease, the Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD). The disease affects the facial areas and has led to a considerable popula tion decline. In this thesis, mathematical models for transmission of DFTD are developed and analysed to investigate the significance of feeding and mating related contact, optimal control and fractional-order cha...
Abstract: We have recently argued that, because microbes have pervasive – often vital – influences on our lives, and that therefore their roles must be taken into account in many of the decisions we face, soci ety must become microbiology-literate, through the introduction of relevant microbiology topics in school curricula (Timmis et al. 2019. Environ Micro biol 21: 1513-1528). The current coronavirus pan demic is a stark example of why microbiology literacy is such a crucial enabler of...
Abstract: Botswana is lagging behind in active participation in stem cell research. The research is yet to take off in the country. In order for stem cell research to be established in Botswana, the people of the country have to accept the research as affording a viable therapy alternative to conventional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate and analyse attitudes of the people of Botswana towards the establishment of stem cell research in Botswana. A survey study was conducted to examine p...
Abstract: A system which comprises intercropping between rows of maize with plants that repel stem borers and attract natural enemies, and which also dramatically reduce the level of striga infestation, combined with a surrounding crop of plants that trap out pests, has been developed for use by resource-poor farmers in sub-Saharan Africa.The intercrop and trap crops provide forage for cattle and goats. The technology is called “push-pull”. It is knowledge-intensive and there are lessons...
Abstract: Genetic strategies for large scale pest or vector control using modified insects are not yet operational in Africa,and currently rely on import of the modified strains to begin preliminary, contained studies. Early involvementof research teams from participating countries is crucial to evaluate candidate field interventions. Following therecommended phased approach for novel strategies, evaluation should begin with studies in containmentfacilities. Experiences to prepare facilities...