Food Aid on Food Security in the Rural Community of Lugh District Gedo Region Somalia

ABSTRACT 

Food security is a major problem in many part of the world, including Somalia. Aid agencies have tried to solve food problem on food aid, but the efforts failed due to many problems. The study sought to appraise the food aid and Food Security in the Rural Community of [ugh district Gedo Region Somalia, the specific objective of this study was to determine the source of food, to investigate causes of food insecurity and to determine the effects of food aid on food security in the rural community of lugh district Gedo Region Somalia.. The study used descriptive Research Design. The population of the research was 1000 households, which were drawn from four subdivisions in Lugh district using cluster sampling. This study used Questionnaire and interview to collect data. Findings of this study showed that food aid has both positive and negative effects of food security in Lugh. Food aid has positively impacted on some people’s lives especially in the time of the disaster. The negative effect of food aid is that it has created laziness, dependency of food aid, and low production on the fields. Food aid is only good when it is distributed for a short time. The study recommended; Local leaders should focus how to solve ongoing wars in the country, and encourage Irrigation programs, People should appreciate food aid in terms of crisis, but should prefer to produce their own food. NGOs need to help the local populace with firm inputs and Community members need to change their mindset about food aid and work towards self-sufficiency.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter Page

One THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 6

Purpose of the Study 7

Research Objectives 7

Research Questions 8

Scope of the study 8

Significance of the Study 8

Operational Definition of Key terms 9

Two REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 11

Overview 11

Food aid 11

History of food aid 12

Forms, categories and sources of food aid 14

Forms of food aid 14

Categories of food aid 14

Sources of food aid 17

Arguments for food 17

Argument against food aid 19

Food Security 22

Definition of food security 22

Components of food security 22

Food availability 23

Food accessibility 23

Food utilization 24

Vulnerability 25

Levels of food security 26

Causes of food insecurity 27

Natural disaster 27

Low production growth for agricultural commodity 29

Lack of purchasing power 31

Political instability 31

Falling prices of agricultural commodities 33

Food security situation Somalia 33

Climate 34

Agriculture 35

Livestock 35

Markets 36

Urban 36

Rural 37

Theoretical perspectives 39

Three RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES 45

Research Design 45

Research Population 45

Sample Size 46

Sample Procedure 46

Data gathering procedure 47

Primary data collection 47

Secondary data collection method 47

Research Instruments 48

Validity and Reliability 49~

Data Analysis 49

Ethical Considerations 50

Limitation of the study 50

FOUR PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 51

Introduction 51

Profile of the respondents 51

Research question one: What are the sources of food for the rural community in Lugh District? 54

Research Question Two: What are the causes of food insecurity for the rural community in Lugh District Gedo? 68

Research Question Three: What are the effects of food aid on food security for the rural community in Lugh District 75

Critical Analysis 86

FIVE FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 92

Summary of Findings 92

Conclusions 94

Recommendation 95

REFERENCES 98

APPENDICES 101

Appendix I Transmittal letter 101

Appendix II INSTRUMENTS

A. QUESTIONNAIRE 101

B. INTERVIEW GUIDE 107

APPENDIX III RESEARCHER’S CURRICULUM VITAE 109