Hepatitis B Viral (HBV) Infection Among Nursing Students in The Techiman North And South Districts

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ABSTRACT

Background: HBV infection remains one of the highly infectious diseases that can be contracted by HCW’S through needle pricks, sharp related injuries, and splash of blood or body fluids into the eyes or mucus membranes and other human activities like unprotected sexual intercourse. Nurses are known to be a high risk group for the infection but nursing students are even at the greatest risk of the infection due to their inexperience. Despite these facts above, the prevalence and the associated risk factors for HBV infection among nursing students has not been well elucidated within the Techiman municipality. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and the associated risk factors for HBV infection among the nursing students in the Techiman North and South Districts. A total of 286 2nd and 3rd year nursing students were recruited from Techiman Holy Family Nursing and Midwifery Training College (THFNMTC) and Krobo Community Nursing Training College (KNTC/CHNTS). Proportion to size calculation was used to determine the number of students to be interviewed in each school. Of the 286 students, 115 (40.2%) of the students were recruited from THFNMTC and 171 (59.2%) from KNTC/CHNTS. Systematic random sampling was then used to recruit participants from each class into the study. Standard diagnostic test kit approved by FDA in Ghana was used to test for the presence of HbsAg to confirm HBV positive case. A chi-square test, bivariate and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the data to calculate chi2 values, crude odds ratios, adjusted odds ratios, confidence intervals and p-values. 

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