An unintended consequence of using “research expenditures” as a figure of merit for universities is to reduce the research output per dollar invested by discouraging the diffusion of superior, lower-cost, open-source scientific equipment.
Pearce, J. (2019). It is Time to Move Research Expenditures to the Denominator in University Metrics. Afribary. Retrieved from https://tracking.afribary.com/works/it-is-time-to-move-research-expenditures-to-the-denominator-in-university-metrics
Pearce, Joshua "It is Time to Move Research Expenditures to the Denominator in University Metrics" Afribary. Afribary, 22 Apr. 2019, https://tracking.afribary.com/works/it-is-time-to-move-research-expenditures-to-the-denominator-in-university-metrics. Accessed 21 Jan. 2026.
Pearce, Joshua . "It is Time to Move Research Expenditures to the Denominator in University Metrics". Afribary, Afribary, 22 Apr. 2019. Web. 21 Jan. 2026. < https://tracking.afribary.com/works/it-is-time-to-move-research-expenditures-to-the-denominator-in-university-metrics >.
Pearce, Joshua . "It is Time to Move Research Expenditures to the Denominator in University Metrics" Afribary (2019). Accessed January 21, 2026. https://tracking.afribary.com/works/it-is-time-to-move-research-expenditures-to-the-denominator-in-university-metrics