Media Challenges in the Post- Election Violence in Kenya. A Case Study of Nairobi.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to establish the media challenges faced during the post election violence in the city of Nairobi. The research was cross-sectional with both explanatory and descriptive approaches. The target population was the women, youth, middle aged and elderly, besides politicians as a special group. The population of the study was 300 residents of Nairobi. Key informant interviews and questionnaires were used in collecting data. Data analysis method was based on qualitative and quantitative approach using Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The results were presented in tables and Figures. The major finding in the study showed that reporting post elections presented challenges amongst which includes no experience or training in reporting conflicts, weak constitutional and legal framework, inadequate equipment and poor research capacity. Finally, a number of recommendations such as updating the journalists training manual, goverm~ent to invite people from other countries to share programmes they have used for healing negative ethnicity, media owners to develop a training programme for journalists on local and national integrity systems

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION

APPROVAL ii

DEDICATION iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv

TABLEOFCONTENTS v

LISTOFTABLES viii

LIST OF FIGURES ix

ABSTRACT x

CHAPTER ONE I

INTRODUCTION 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Background of the study 1

1.2 Statement of the problem 3

1.3 General Objectives 3

1.3lGeneral Objective 3

1.32 Specific Objectives of the study 4

1.4 Scope of the study 4

1.41 Geographical scope 4

1.42 Time scope 4

1.43 Population scope 4

1.5 Conceptual framework 4

1.6 Significance 6

CHAPTER TWO 7

LITERATURE REVIEW 7

2.0 Introduction 7

2.1 Definition of Media 7

2.2 Background of Kenya Media 7

v

2.3 Influence of Media on the public .9

2.4 Media performance during post election violence 10

2.5 Relationship between government and media 11

2.6 Contemporary development of media in Kenya 12

2.7 Government owned media and independent media 12

2.8 Scholarly view of the role of media 15

CHAPTER THREE 17

METHODOLOGY 17

3.0 Introduction 17

3.1 Research Design 17

3.2 Area of study 17

3.3 Sampling Design 17

3.4 Data collection and instruments 18

3.5 Data analysis 18

3.51 Primary data 18

3.52 Secondary data 18

3.6 Research Instruments 18

3.6.lQuestionaire 18

3.6.2 Key informant interviews 19

3.6.3 Existing records documents 19

3.7 Data 19

3.8 Data analysis 20

3.9 Limitations 20

CHAPTER FOUR 21

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND DISCUSSION OF FINDING 21

4.0 Introduction 21

4.1 background of respondents 21

4.2 Background Information 21

4.2.1 Age 21

4.3Gender 23

4.4Occupation .23

4.5 Media awareness 24

4.6 Media challenges 25

4.7 Media satisfaction 26

4.8 Media failure 27

4.9 Identifiable areas 28

CHAPTERFIVE 30

DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 30

5.0 Introduction 30

5.lfliscussions of the Key Findings 31

5.2Conclusions 33

5.3 Recommendations 34

5.4 Suggestions for future research 35

References 36

APPENDICES 38

Questionnaire

Letter of Introduction 40

Time Frame of the study 41

Financial Plan (Budget) 42