School RESOURCES AND PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY Pupils IN MUKONO Municipality UGANDA

ABSTRACT

This study set out to establish whether there is a strong correlation between school resources and pupils' academic performance in Central Division, Mukono Municipality, Uganda. It was guided by three specific objectives and tested three hypotheses, that included establishing whether there is a strong correlation between; physical, human, material resources and pupils' academic performance.

Using a descriptive correlational survey design, the researcher administered a questionnaire to 67 teachers, selected following Krejcie and Morgan suggestions.

Data analysis using means and standard deviations revealed that; i) physical resources (mean index=2.71 or ::::3); ii) human resources (mean index=::::2); and

material resources (mean index=2.68 or ::::3) were insufficiently available in the sampled schools. Bivariate analysis using Pearson's Linear Correlation coefficient showed that; i) physical resources are not significantly correlated with pupils' academic performance (r= 0.110, sig. = 0.374); ii) Human resources are significantly correlated with pupils' academic performance (r= 0.68, sig. = 0.000);

iii) material resources are significantly correlated with pupils' academic performance (r= 0.27, sig. = 0.000). Basing on these findings, the researcher concluded that; i) physical resources can only have a significant impact on pupils' academic performance, if there are adequate human and material resources; ii) existence of adequate human resources significantly improves pupils' academic performance, even if physical resources are not very adequate; iii) existence of adequate material resources significantly improves pupils' academic performance even if physical resources are not so adequate. The researcher recommended that primary schools should focus more on improving and increasing their human resources and material resources than focusing on physical resources. Schools should procure good text books, maps, charts and audio-visual materials. Schools should also recruit more qualified teachers with experience in commeasure with pupils ratio.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION A ............................................................................................................. i

DECLARATION B ............................................................................................................ ii

APPROVAL SHEET ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

DEDICATION ................................................................................................................. iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................. iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... v

ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... ix

CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................. 1

THE PROBlEM AND ITS SCOPE ............................................................................ 1

1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Background of the study ........................................................................................ 1

1.1.1 Historical perspective .......................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 Theoretical perspective ....................................................................................... 3

1.1.3 Conceptual perspective ....................................................................................... 4

1.1.4 Contextual perspective ....................................................................................... 5

1.2 Statement of Problem ............................................................................................ 5

1.3 Purpose of the study .............................................................................................. 6

1.4 Research objectives ................................................................................................ 6

1.5 Research questions ................................................................................................. 7

1.6 Scope ........................................................................................................................ 7

1.6.1 Geographical scope ............................................................................................. 7

1.6.2 Conceptual scope ................................................................................................. 7

1.6.3 Time scope ........................................................................................................... 8

1.7 Significance of the study ...................................................................................... 8

1.8 Operational definitions of key terms ................................................................... 8

v

CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................... 10

REVIEW OF RElATED liTERATURE .................................................................. 10

2.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 10

2.1 Theoretical framework ......................................................................................... 10

2.2 Conceptual framework ......................................................................................... 11

CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................... 23

METHODOlOGY ........................................................................................................ 23

3.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 23

3.1 Research design .................................................................................................... 23

3.2 Research population ............................................................................................. 23

3.3 Sample size and sampling procedures ............................................................... 24

3.4 Research instrument. ............................................................................................ 25

3.5 Validity and reliability of the instrument ........................................................... 25

3.6 Data gathering procedures .................................................................................. 25

3.7 Data analysis procedures ..................................................................................... 26

3.8 Ethical considerations ........................................................................................... 26

3.9 Limitations of the study ....................................................................................... 27

CHAPTER FOUR ........................................................................................................ 28

PRESENTATION, ANAlYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA ............... 28

4.1 Description of respondents .................................................................................. 28

4.2 Description of the Dependent Variable .............................................................. 30

4.3 Description of the independent variable ........................................................... 31

4.3.1Description of Physical Resources .................................................................... 31

4.6 The relationship between material resources and pupils' performance ....... 36

CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................... 37

FINDINGS, CONClUSIONS AND RECOMMIENDATIONS ............................. 37