Stakeholders Involvement and Project Implementation in Somalia: A Case Study of Bosaso Airport Road Construction Project

ABSTRACT The study sought to examine stakeholders involvement and project implementation in Somalia: A case study of Bosaso Airport Road Construction Project. The study objectives were; to determine the effect of stakeholders’ planning on Project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road Construction Project, to assess the effect of stakeholders monitoring and evaluation on Project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road Construction Project and to establish effect of resource mobilization in project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road Construction Project. Despite the quest for project success, Bosaso Airport Road Construction Project has continuously experienced time overrun, budget overrun, unmet end product specifications, unmet customer needs and requirements and unmet management objectives. The high failure rate in projects such as Bosaso Airport Road Construction Project was due to failure to involve key stakeholders in project activities. The study was based on Treseder’s Degree of Participation. The proponent of this theory was Phil Treseder in 1997. The theory uses five degrees of participation that have no hierarchy of involvement. The study employed descriptive design in which both quantitative and qualitative data analysis were used to produce richer and more complete information. It also attempts to capture attitude of past behavior. Survey studies asses the characteristics of whole population. In this case information was needed to describe the evaluation of stakeholders’ involvement in the project implementation in Somalia. The target population was 120 participants and these included project staff and project managers and other project stakeholders. The sample size of 80 respondents was determined using Solven’s formula. The researcher used varieties of sampling which included: Purposive and random sampling. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources using questionnaires and interviews. After collecting data, the researcher organized well-answered questionnaire, data was edited and sorted for the next stage. The data was presented in table form with frequencies and percentages. The study findings revealed that the sample constituted of 80 respondents of which 70% were males and the 30% remaining were females. This implies that males are the majority. This implies that the most respondents were men due to the societal beliefs that the males are hardworking and hence capable of stakeholder’s involvement and project implementation in Somalia. The study concludes that the reasons for project planning includes developing a strategy that would deliver the project goals and that the critical dimensions of time, cost, quality and scope can never be attained if a project plan is not in place. The study therefore recommends that the community should play a critical role in decision making because they are the beneficiaries of the projects and know well projects are beneficial to them.

  TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. i

APPROVAL ................................................................................................................................... ii

DEDICATION...............................................................................................................................iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT............................................................................................................. iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................ v

LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................................................... xi

LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... xii

LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................... xiii

ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................. xiv

CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 1

1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of Study............................................................................................................. 1

1.1.1 Historical perspective ..................................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 Theoretical perspective................................................................................................... 2

1.1.3 Conceptual perspective................................................................................................... 3

1.1.4 Contextual perspective ................................................................................................... 4

vi

1.2 Statement of the Problem...................................................................................................... 4

1.3 Purpose of the study .............................................................................................................. 5

1.4 Specific Objectives................................................................................................................ 5

1.5 Research questions................................................................................................................ 5

1.6 Scope of the Study................................................................................................................. 6

1.6.1 Content Scope................................................................................................................. 6

1.6.2 Geographical scope......................................................................................................... 6

1.6.3 Time Scope ..................................................................................................................... 6

1.7 Significance of the Study ...................................................................................................... 6

1.8 Definition of key terms ......................................................................................................... 7

CHAPTER TWO:......................................................................................................................... 8

LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................ 8

2.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 8

2.1 Theoretical review................................................................................................................. 8

2.2 Conceptual frame work ......................................................................................................... 9

2.3 Review of related literature ................................................................................................. 10

2.3.1 Effect of stakeholders’ planning in Project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road 

Construction Project .............................................................................................................. 10

vii

2.3.2 Effect of stakeholders monitoring and evaluation on Project implementation of Bosaso 

Airport Road Construction Project........................................................................................ 11

2.3.3 Effect of resource mobilization in project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road 

Construction Project .............................................................................................................. 13

2.4 Related studies..................................................................................................................... 14

2.5 Research gap ....................................................................................................................... 19

CHAPTER THREE.................................................................................................................... 20

METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................................... 20

3.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 20

3.1 Research design................................................................................................................... 20

3.2 Study Population ................................................................................................................. 20

3.3 Sample size.......................................................................................................................... 21

3.4 Sampling Techniques.......................................................................................................... 21

3.4.1 Purposive Sampling...................................................................................................... 21

3.4.2 Random Sampling ........................................................................................................ 22

3.5 Data sources ........................................................................................................................ 22

3.5.1 Primary data.................................................................................................................. 22

3.5.2 Secondary data.............................................................................................................. 22

3.6 Data Collection Methods..................................................................................................... 23

viii

3.6.1 Questionnaire................................................................................................................ 23

3.6.2 Interview....................................................................................................................... 23

3.7 Data Analysis and Interpretation......................................................................................... 23

3.8 Reliability and Validity of the Instrument .......................................................................... 23

3.8.1 Validity of the Instrument............................................................................................. 23

3.8.2 Reliability of the Instrument......................................................................................... 24

3.9 Data collection procedures.................................................................................................. 25

3.10 Data Presentation............................................................................................................... 25

3.11 Data analysis ..................................................................................................................... 26

3.11.1 Quantitative data analysis........................................................................................... 26

3.11.2 Qualitative data analysis............................................................................................. 26

3.12 Ethical Considerations................................................................................................... 26

CHAPTER FOUR....................................................................................................................... 28

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION ..................................... 28

4.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 28

4.1 Demographic characteristics of the respondents................................................................. 28

4.2 Findings on Effect of stakeholders’ planning in Project implementation of Bosaso Airport 

Road Construction Project ........................................................................................................ 30

ix

4.3 Findings on the effect of stakeholders monitoring and evaluation on Project 

implementation of Bosaso Airport Road Construction Project................................................. 33

4.4 Findings on the Effect of resource mobilization in project implementation of Bosaso 

Airport Road Construction Project............................................................................................ 36

CHAPTER FIVE ........................................................................................................................ 39

DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS....................................... 39

5.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 39

5.1 Discussions of findings ....................................................................................................... 39

5.1.1 Effect of stakeholders’ planning in Project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road 

Construction Project .............................................................................................................. 39

5.1.2 Effect of stakeholders monitoring and evaluation on Project implementation of Bosaso 

Airport Road Construction Project........................................................................................ 40

5.1.3 Effect of resource mobilization in project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road 

Construction Project .............................................................................................................. 40

5.2 Conclusions......................................................................................................................... 41

5.2.1 Effect of stakeholders’ planning in Project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road 

Construction Project .............................................................................................................. 41

5.2.2 Effect of stakeholders monitoring and evaluation on Project implementation of Bosaso 

Airport Road Construction Project........................................................................................ 41

5.2.3 Effect of resource mobilization in Project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road 

Construction Project .............................................................................................................. 42

5.3 Recommendations............................................................................................................... 42

5.3.1 Effect of stakeholders’ planning in Project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road 

Construction Project .............................................................................................................. 42

5.3.2 Effect of stakeholders monitoring and evaluation on Project implementation of Bosaso 

Airport Road Construction Project........................................................................................ 42

5.3.3 Effect of resource mobilization in Project implementation of Bosaso Airport Road 

Construction Project .............................................................................................................. 43

5.4 Areas of further research ..................................................................................................... 43

5.5 Contribution to existing knowledge .................................................................................... 43

5.6 Limitations of the study....................................................................................................... 43

REFERENCES............................................................................................................................ 45

APPENDICES............................................................................................................................. 49

APPENDIX I: QUESTIONNAIRE FOR RESPODENTS ....................................................... 49

APPENDIX II: INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR PROJECT MANAGERS ................................... 54

APPENDIX III: MAP OF THE AREA OF INVESTIGATION............................................... 55