STUDY OF HYDRAULIC JUMP IN A RECTANGULAR FLUME BY COMPARING RECTANGULAR BLOCK WIER AND SLUICE GATE

This experiment was conducted in order to have a broader knowledge on hydraulic jump and its 

applications. It was performed in the hydraulic laboratory of the department of Water Resources 

and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, using the TQH23, 2.52m flow 

rectangular channel and the HID hydraulic bench which provides water to the channel with the 

aid of the pump incorporated in the HID.

Five different discharges were obtained by varying the flow. Hydraulic jump was formed at four 

different positions for each of the discharge using both rectangular block weir and sluice gate 

while maintaining the same discharge.

Based on the results obtained and calculated from the experiment after comparing rectangular 

block weir and the sluice gat, it was observed that when using the rectangular block weir that 

discharges shows an oscillating jump type since the value of their 

Froude’s number, ratio of depth after and before the jump and fraction of energy dissipated 

falls within the range of the characteristics of hydraulic jump, also from fig 4.3 shows that at a 

height of 0.035m, 0.037m and 0.038m of the downstream sequent depth will dissipate excess 

energy compare to sluice gate.

Also, for sluice gate, discharge = 0.556× 

/s with = 3.74, = 3.33 and 

fraction of energy dissipated = 44.83% formed an oscillating jump which it value of Froude’s 

number, ratio of depth after and before the jump and fraction of energy dissipated fall within the

range of the characteristics of hydraulic jump. And also discharge = 0.625× 

/s with 

 =6.29, = 6.03 and fraction of energy dissipated = 66.67% formed a stable clearly 

defined well balanced which it value of Froude’s number, ratio of depth after and before the 

jump and fraction of energy dissipated fall within the range of the characteristics of hydraulic 

jump. While the remaining discharges and are out of range that means there values 

did not fall within the range of the characteristics of hydraulic jump of table 2.2. and also fig 4.3 

shows that at a height of 0.041m of downstream sequent depth will dissipate excess energy

compared to rectangular block weir.