The Contribution of Peace to Development in the Post Conflict Period (2005-2011): Study of Eastern Equatoria State, South Sudan

ABSTRACT For over five decades, during and after civil wars, (EES) has been an area long weighted down by instability mainly due to internal conflicts driven by culture of raiding of livestock, povefty, grazing resources and boundary demarcation which caused insecurity that deters development in the region. Thus, the great challenge facing the government of State, investors and civil society groups tackling development in this war torn region is viewed as a critical lesson about the issues associated with internal conflicts and lack of understanding of communities involved in conflict about peace’s contribution to development, lack of modality drawn for long-term solution to internal conflicts and development. For this reason, the study is to analyze the contribution of peace to development in the post conflict period of (CPA) in (EES) that to point out some solid directions on the relationship between peace and development in this contemporary world. In this situation of internal conflict, the objective of this study is to analyze to which extent the comprehensive peace agreement has contributed to the development in Eastern Equatoria State since the official signing of (CPA) on gth January 2005. To achieve this objective, study has employed descriptive method to examine the inter-independence between peace and development in the post conflict period. With the aim of selecting representative sample from state government officials, civil society group, business people and common man at grass root level. Throughout the study, research found changes human development despite conflict going on which shows that within six years after (CPA) Eastern Equatoria State (EES) is still transitioning from managing internal conflicts to pursuing development in the state. For long range solutions for both internal conflict and development, the following have recommended: capacity building through training personnel from government and community as inter-worker force, disarming (firearms), border demarcation with provision of rules and regulations govern land, exploitation of natural resources, agriculture extension, strengthening security force to ensure security and strengthening public institutions to tackle development at all aspects.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter page

Declaration A ii

Declaration~B iii

Approval Sheet iv

Dedication v

Acknowledgements vi

Abstract vii

List of Tables xi

List of Illustrations xii

Abbreviations xiii

ONE THE PROBLEM AND ITSSCOPE 1

Background of Study 1

Problem Statement 3

The Purpose of the Study 3

Research Objectives 3

Research Questions 4

The Scope of the Study 4

The Significance of the Study 4

The Operational Definition of Key Terms 6

VIII

TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 7

Introduction 7

Conceptual Framework 7

The Historical Background of Eastern Equatoria State 8

Cause of Conflicts in Eastern Equatoria State 10

The Civil Wars io

Raiding and Cattle Rustling ii

The Conflict over the Green Pasture 13

The Disputes over the Land Ownership 16

The contribution of Peace to Development 18

The Contribution of Peace to Development in EES 20

The Contribution of Peace to the Development in Dimension 22

Challenges Hinder Development in Eastern Equatoria State (EES) 24

The Institutional limitation on Development 24

The Insecurity 25

The Lack of Human Skills 26

The Solution to Challenges Hinder Development in (EES) 27

THREE METHODOLOGY 30

Research Design 30

Research Population 30

Sampling Design 30

Data Collection Insruments 30

Data Collection Procedures 31

Data Processing and Analysis 31

Validity of the Research 31

Ethical Considerations 31

Limitation of the Research 32

FOUR PRESENTATION, ANAYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 33

Introduction 33

Description of Respondents’ Profile 33

Analysis on the Cause of Conflict in (EES) 35

Analysis on Peace Contribution to Development in (EES) 37

Analysis on Obstacles that Hinder Development in (EES) 44

FIVE FINDING, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 46

Introduction 46

Summary of Findings 46

Conclusion 47

Recommendations 49

Bibliography 53

Appendix I: Transmital Letter 57

Appendix II: Informed consent 58

Appendix III: Research instruments 59

Researcher’s Curriculum Vitae 62