The Effectiveness Of The Copyright And Neighbouring Rights Act 2006 In Protecting The Interests Of Rights-Holders In Musical Works

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ........................................................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL.. ................................................................................................................................................ ii

DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................................. Iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................................................................... iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................................. v

CHAPTER ONE

PROPOSAL AND LITERATURE REVIEW

1.0 INTRODUCTORY ................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 1

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ...................................................................................................... 4

1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ..................................................................................................................... 4

1.4 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................................... 5

1.5 HYPOTHESIS ........................................................................................................................................ 5

1.6 RESEARCH METHOD .......................................................................................................................... 5

1.7 LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................................ 6

CHAPTER TWO

THE COPYRIGHT REGIME

2.0 INTRODUCTORY ............................................................................................................................... 18

2.1 HISTORY ............................................................................................................................................. 18

2. I .1 Early beginnings ................................................................................................................................. 18

2.1.2 Printing Technology ........................................................................................................................... 19

2.1.3 Statute of Anne 1709 .......................................................................................................................... 21

2.1 .4 International conventions ................................................................................................................... 22

2.1.5 [History of] Musical works ................................................................................................................ 23

!.2 MUSICAL WORKS- THE LEGAL DICHOTOMY .......................................................................... 26

!.2.1 The copyright framework ................................................................................................................... 26

:.2.2 The idea/expression dichotomy .......................................................................................................... 29

:.2.3 The musical work in focus ................................................................................................................. 30

,.2.4 Assignment and licensing of copyright .............................................................................................. 32

v

CHAPTER THREE

UGANDA: THE COPYRIGHT REGIME

3.0 INTRODUCTORY ............................................................................................................................... 34

3.1 TRADITIONAL FOLKLORE .............................................................................................................. 34

3.2 THE COPYRIGHT ACT !964 ............................................................................................................. 37

3.2.1 Inadequacy of copyright protection .................................................................................................... 37

3.2.2 Justification for reforrn ....................................................................................................................... 38

3.3 THE COPYRIGHT AND NEIGHBOURING RIGHTS ACT 2006 ..................................................... 40

CHAPTER FOUR

MUSIC AND COPYRIGHT: THE FACE OF INFRINGEMENT

4.0 INTRODUCTORY ............................................................................................................................... 43

I. UGANDA: MUSICAL WORKS AND THE COPYRIGHT ENFORCEMENT EXPERIENC43

4.1 THE INEFFECTIVESS OF STRENGHTHENED LEGISLATION .................................................... 44

4.1.2 Factors explaining continued piracy ................................................................................................. .46

!!.COPYRIGHT ENFORCEMENT EXPERIENCES IN AFRICA IN RELATION TO UGANDA ......... 52

4.2 KENY A ................................................................................................................................................. 52

4.2.1 Comparative analysis of Enforcement Challenges I difficulties in Kenya vis-a-vis Uganda ... 53

4.3 NIGERIA ................................................ , ............................................................................................. 56

4.3.1 Comparative analysis of Enforcement Challenges I difficulties in Nigeria vis-a-vis Uganda .. 56

4.4 SOUTH AFRICA .................................................................................................................................. 58

4.4.1 Comparative analysis of Enforcement Challenges I difficulties in South Africa vis-a-vis

Uganda ........................................................................................................................................................ 58

TIL MUSIC PIRACY AND THE INTERNET ............................................................................................ 59

t5 COPYRIGHT, MUSIC AND THE INTERNET .................................................................................. 59

W THE COLLECTING SOCIETIES MODEL ......................................................................................... 63

~.6 THE COPYRIGHT COLLECTIVE ..................................................................................................... 63

!.6.1 Uganda and the copyright collective idea1 ......................................................................................... 64

!.6.2 Collective management in other African countries ............................................................................ 67