WELL STIMULATION IN OREDO WELL USING HYDRAULIC FRACTURING

Hydraulic fracturing plays a key role in the economic production of hydrocarbons from a reservoir by inducing permeable channels to improve the drainage area and to ease flow of oil and gas into the wellbore (Burton et al, 2002). A pressure transient test in Oredo O well, Oredo field located in Benin city, Nigeria, revealed a skin factor of +7.58 and flow efficiency of 0.53 (Kelechi et al, 2015). These are indications of a damaged well. PROSPER software (production system performance) has been used to stimulate this well through hydraulic fracturing. PROSPER made use of inflow performance relationship of the Vogel’s curve and Nodal analysis to graphically represent the stimulated data. A skin factor of -3.63, productivity index of 25.32 and a flow efficiency of 1.4 were obtained. These results indicate that the well Oredo O has been successfully stimulated.

ABSTRACT

ACKNOWELDGEMENT. iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS. v

LIST OF FIGURES. vi

LIST OF TABLES. vii

CHAPTER ONE. 1

INTRODUCTION.. 1

1.1         BACKGROUND.. 1

1.2         PROBLEM STATEMENT. 2

1.3         AIM AND OBJECTIVES. 2

1.3.1          AIM... 2

1.3.2          OBJECTIVES. 2

CHAPTER TWO.. 3

LITERATURE REVIEW... 3

1.4         FORMATION DAMAGE. 3

1.4.1          FORMATION DAMAGE MECHANISM... 3

1.4.2          INDICATIONS OF A FORMATION DAMAGE. 7

1.4.3          FLOW EFFICIENCY. 10

1.5         PRODUCTIVITY INDEX. 11

1.6         STIMULATION.. 11

1.6.1          TYPES OF STIMULATION.. 11

1.7         INFLOW PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP. 15

1.8         NODAL ANALYSIS. 16

1.9         STUDY AREA.. 18

CHAPTER THREE. 22

METHODOLOGY. 22

1.10      RESERVIOR SIMULATION TOOL. 22

1.11      SIMULATION PROCEDURE AND WELL DATA.. 22

1.12      TUBING DESIGN AND PLACEMENT PARAMETERS. 23

1.13      RESERVIOR PETROPHYSCIAL PARAMETERS. 24

1.14      HYDRAULICALLY FRACTURE MODEL DATA.. 25

1.15     HAWKINS FORMULA.. 27

CHAPTER FOUR. 28

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.. 28

1.16      INFLOW PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP FOR DAMAGED WELL. 28

1.17      INFLOW PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP FOR IDEALIZED WELL CONDITION.. 29

1.18      INFLOW PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP FOR STIMULATED WELL. 30

1.19      SKIN.. 31

1.20      FLOW EFFICIENCY. 32

1.21      PRODUCTIVITY INDEX. 33

CHAPTER FIVE. 34

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.. 34

1.22      CONCLUSION.. 34

1.23      RECOMMENDATION.. 34