Women Empowerment and Their Socio-economic Development in Mogadishu, Somalia

ABSTRACT This study carried out an investigation on the role of women empowerment on socio economic development in Mogadishu, Somalia. The objectives of the study were 1) to examine the women empowerment strategies in Mogadishu, Somalia 2) to assess the socio economic development in Mogadishu, Somalia and 3) to establish the relationship between women empowerment and socio economic development in Mogadishu, Somalia. The study employed descriptive/correlational study design which involved both quantitative and qualitative approaches. With regards to this method, the researcher used structured questionnaires containing three sections A, B and C. Section A dealt with profile of respondents, B dealt with women empowerment strategies and C dealt with socio economic development. Out of a target population of 207, 136 respondents were identified as the sample size by use of the Slovene's formula. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used to identify the respondents to take part in the study. Analysis entailed frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation, t statistic, ranks, charts and interpretations. From the findings, it was clear that the women empowerment strategies employed in Mogadishu were not being used properly. Additionally, the socio economic development of Mogadishu was found to be low and at unacceptable levels. It was also established that there was a relationship between women empowerment and socio economic development and this was calculated at a value of 0.851 on the Pearson Correlation scale and this denoted a very strong and positive relationship. Women empowerment was also found to significantly influence socio economic development in Mogadishu at an R Squared coefficient of 0.724. It is recommended that there should be more education of women, civic education of community on women rights, more women in the political and leadership positions, more advocacies on gender equity, and formation of women social groups. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

DECLARATION A ............................................................................................................................ 1 

DECLARATION B ........................................................................................................................... II 

DEDICATION .............................................................................................................................. III 

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................................................... IV 

TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................... V 

LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... VII 

LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... VIII 

LIST OF EQUATIONS .................................................................................................................... IX 

LIST OF ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................... X 

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... XI 

CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................ 1 

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... ; ......................................... 1 

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY .................................................................................................. 1 

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ................................................................................................. 5 

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY .................................................................................................... 7 

1. 4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ......................................................................................................... 7 

1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS ........................................................................................................ 7 

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ...... ······· ... ······················· ...... ············· ........ ······················ ... ··············· 8 

1. 7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ................................................................................................. 9 

CHAPTER TWO ......................................................................................................................... 10 

LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................................................. 10 

2.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................ ······· .......................................... ························ 10 

2.1 THEORETICAL REVIEW ......................................................................................................... 10 

2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK .....................................................•.............................................. 12 

2.3 RELATEDSTUDIES .............................................................................................................. 13 

2.4 RESEARCH GAPS ................................................................................................................ 23 

CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................... 24 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 24 

V 

3.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 24 

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN ............................................................................................................. 24 

3.2 RESEARCH POPULATION ....................................................................................................... 24 

3.3 SAMPLE SIZE .................................................................................................................... 25 

3.4 SAMPLING PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................ 26 

3.5 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS ..................................................................................................... 27 

3.6 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT .......................................................................... 27 

3. 7 DATA ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................ 29 

3.8 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES ............................................................................................. 30 

3.9 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................................................... 31 

3.10 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY .................................................................................................. 32 

CHAPTER FOUR ........................................................................................................................ 33 

RESULTS,AND ANALAYSIS OF FINDINGS ................................................................................ 33 

4.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 33 

4.1 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS .................................................................... 33 

4.2 OBJECTIVE ONE: WOMEN EMPOWERMENT STRATEGIES IN MOGADISHU .............................................. 37 

4.3 OBJECTIVE Two: SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT .................................................................... .42 

4.4 OBJECTIVE THREE: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WOMEN AND .............................................................. .47 

4.5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ....................................................................................................... 50 

DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................. 51 

5.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 51 

5 .1 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS ............................................................................................................. 51 

5.2 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................. 55 

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................... 56 

5. 4 AREAS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH ............................................................................................. 57 

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... ! 

APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................ IV 

APPENDIX I: TRANSMITTAL LETTER FOR THE RESPONDENTS ........................................................... IV 

APPENDIX II: INFORMED CONSENT ................................................................................................. V 

APPENDIX III: RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS ........................................................................................ VI 

APPENDIX IV: TIME FRAME ............................................................................................................ X