Abstract The paper examined the constraints to participation of cocoa farmers in the Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA) in Ondo and Ekiti States, Nigeria. The paper described the socio-economic and institutional characteristics of cocoa farmers in the study area; determined the level of participation of cocoa farmers in the ATA programme, and identified factors that constrained effective participation of cocoa farmers in the ATA programme. Using multi-stage sampling procedure, 574 cocoa...