Assessing the Effect of Motivation on Employees Performance in Organizations A Case Study of Mtn (Uganda)

ABSTRACT 

The study looked at the role of motivation in promoting employees' performance in an organization taking into consideration MTN Uganda as a case study. The study also investigated the persistent cause of declining employee performance considering motivation as the key variable and performance as the dependant variable. The study was guided by the following objectives:- 

i. To establish the factors which affect motivation of employees in a company

ii. To describe the indicators of performance of employees 

iii. To investigate how motivation contributes to performance of employees 

iv. To explore what other factors influence performance 

Empirical data was collected from MTN employees through questionnaire guides for primary data and secondary data being the library, internet and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from the respondents. Self-administered questionnaires were ideal. The questionnaires comprised of both closed-ended and open-ended questions. The researcher used simple random sampling, stratification and purposive methods, where 130 respondents were randomly picked; top level management, middle level management and support staff, selected from various departments. The key findings of the study suggest that: employee performance is significantly influenced by a number of motivating factors such as good working conditions, prompt payment of salaries, free accommodation and security, allowances, medical care while the absence of the above conditions affected the employee performance at MTN. The study therefore recommends that Managers should always find ways and means of creating and availing motivation means which at least suit the greater number of employees to enable them perform work to the expectation standards. XI

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ........................................................................................................................ .i

APPROVAL .............................................................................................................................. ii

DEDICATION .......................................................................................................................... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................... .iv

LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... vi

LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................... .ix

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ....................................................................................................... x

ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. xi

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ....................................................................................................... 1

I .2 Statement of the Problem ...................................................................................................... I

1.3 Purpose of the Study ............................................................................................................. 2

1.4 Research Objectives of the Study .......................................................................................... 2

1.5 Research Questions .............................................................................................................. .3

1.6 The Scope of the Study .......................................................................................................... 3

1.6.1 Geographical Scope ........................................................................................................ 3

1.6.2 Theoretical Scope .......................................................................................................... .4

1.6.3 Content Scope ............................................................................................................... .4

1.7 Significance of the Study ....................................................................................................... 4

2.2 Conceptual Framework ......................................................................................................... 5

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................ 7

2. 0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 7

2.1 Theoretical Review ............................................................................................................... 7

2.1.1 Content Theory of Motivation ......................................................................................... 7

2 .1.2 Process of Theories of Motivation .................................................................................. 9

2.2 Review ofRelated Literature ............................................................................................... 10

2.2.1 Definitions of Motivation ............................................................................................. 1 O

2.2.2 Types of Motivation ..................................................................................................... 12

2.2.3 The Role ofMotivation ................................................................................................. 14

2.2.4 The Basic Elements of Motivation Process ................................................................... 15

2.2.5 Importance of Motivation ............................................................................................. 15

2.2.6 Money and motivation ...................................................................................................... 16

2.2. 7 Promotion ......................................................................................................................... 17

2.2.8 Job security ....................................................................................................................... 18

2.2.9 Trade Union ...................................................................................................................... 19

2.2.10 Working environment. .................................................................................................... 20

2.2.1 lMeaning of performance .................................................................................................. 20

2.2.12Organization performance ............................................................................................... 21

2.2.13 Performance Measures ................................................................................................. 22

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 24

3. 0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 24

3.1 ResearchDesign .................................................................................................................. 24

3.2 Research Procedure ............................................................................................................. 24

3 .3 The Research Population ..................................................................................................... 25

3.4 Sample and Sampling Procedure ......................................................................................... 25

3. 5 data collection methods and procedure ................................................................................ 27

3. 5 .1 Research Instruments ........................................................................................................ 27

3 .5 .2 Questionnaires .............................................................................................................. 28

3.5.3 Interview Guide ............................................................................................................ 28

3. 5. 4 Reliability and Validity ................................................................................................. 28

3.5.5 Ethical Issues ................................................................................................................ 29

3.5.6 Limitation of the study ............................................................................ 29

3. 7 Data Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 29

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION .......................................... 30

4.1 Empirical Analysis .............................................................................................................. 30

4.2 Findings on the Response Rate ............................................................................................ 30

4.2 Sex Distribution ofRespondents .......................................................................................... 31

4.3 Respondents' Level ofEducation ........................................................................................ 32

4.4 Respondents' Employment Duration .................................................................................. .34

4.5 Respondents' Role Value .................................................................................................... 35

4.6 Respondents' View on Motivation Affecting Performance ..................................... : ............ 36

4.7 Respondents' View on Importance of Factors Affecting Motivation .................................... 37

4.8 Respondent's Age Group ......................................................................................... .-........... 38

4.9 Respondent's View on Company Renting their Residence ................................................... 39

4 .10 Respondent's View on being happy with the working conditions at MTN ........................ .40

4 .11 Respondent's View on Motivation Leading to Performance ............................................. .4 l

4.12 Respondent's View on Frequency oflncentives ................................................................ .42

4.13 Respondent's View on Effects of Motivation on Time ...................................................... .43

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................ .47

5.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 47

5.1 Summary of the Findings ................................................................................................... .47

5.1.1 Findings on the Factors that Affect Motivation ............................................................ .47

5 .1.2 Findings on the Mechanisms in Place to Motivate Employees ...................................... .49

5. I .3 Findings on Policy Measures to Strengthen Performance and Reduce Turn Over .......... 50

5 .2 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 52

5.3 Recommendations ............................................................................................................... 54

5.4 Areas for Further Research .................................................................................................. 55

REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 56

APPENDICES .......................................................................................................................... 59

Research Instrnments ............................................................................................................ 59

Appendix A: Questionnaires .................................................................................................. 59

Questionnaire for MTN Support Staff ................................................................................ 59

Questionnaire for Middle Level Employees ....................................................................... 61

Top Manager's Questionnaire ............................................................................................ 64

Appendix B: Interview Guide for the three employee categories ............................................ 67

Introduction Letter ................................................................................................................ 68