Challenges Facing Integration Of The Physically Handicaped In Normal School System In Selected Schools In Kajiado District Kenya

ABSTRACT In Kenya the iµitial trend was to place those individuals with disability in special schools where they were segregated. By introducing the inclusive system, it was hoped that those learners with special needs would get educational intervention measures. The special institutions isolated the disabled hence were considered inferior. The idea of inclusive was thought to break the bridge and reduce the social distance between the non-disabled and the disabled. The main purpose of this study is therefore to investigate the problems faced by learners with physical disability in an inclusive setting in some specific selected schools in Kajiado District. The main objective of the study is to find out the problems they face and possibly find solutions to these problems. The study would be conducted by use of descriptive survey research design. Study population would be schools in Kajiado Central. One school out of the schools would be used for piloting. Stratified and simple random sampling would be used to select 3 primary schools that have special units. Purpose sampling will be used to select the head teachers of the special units, teachers and parents of the students. Data would be collected using research made questioners which is suitable because of its anonymity. Teachers would be free to give their real views on the issue. It would consist of both open and closed ended questions. Interviews would also be used for administrators because it allows for questioning about issues not well understood. The variable tested here is attitude whether negative or positive so there would be use of semantic differential and likert scale for scoring. The research design would be descriptive and the questions arising fro the research questions would be analysed. They would be presented in simple tables and graphs.

TABLE OF CONTENT

DECLARATION ......................................................................................... i APPROVAL ............................................................................................... ii DEDICATION .......................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................... v ABSTRACT .......................................................................................... viii DEFINITION OF TERMS ................................................................... ix ACRONYMS .......................................................................................... xi CHAPTER ONE ......................................................................................... l INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 1 l.lBackground to study ...................................................................... 1 l.2statement of the problem ......................................................... 2 l.3purpose of the study ................................................................... 3 1.4 objectives of the study ........................................................... .3 1.5 research questions .................................................................. .3 1.6 scope of the study ..................................................................... .4 1. 7 limitation and delimitation .................................................... .4 1.8 Significance of the study .......................................................... .4 1.9 Theoretical Framework ............................................................. .5 1.10 Conceptual Framework ..................................................... 6 CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................... 9 LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................... 9 2.0 Introductions .............................................................................................................. 9 2.1 concept of special education ...................................................................................... 9 2.2 integration or participation ...................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 Participation ...................................................................................................... 13 2.3 Types of integration practices .................................................................................. 14 2.4 Importance of integration ........................................................................................ 15 2.5 Role ofinclusion ...................................................................................................... 16 2.6 Aims of special needs education .............................................................................. 18 V 2.7 General•environmental requirements for children with special needs .................... .19 2.8 Constraints of integration ........................................................................................ 19 2.9 Attitudes of parents and teachers towards SNE ....................................................... 20 CHAPTER THREE ........................................................................................................... 21 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................... 21 3.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 21 3. I Research Design ...................................................................................................... 21 3.2 Location of the study ............................................................................................... 21 3.3 Study population ...................................................................................................... 22 3.4 Sample and sampling techniques ............................................................................. 23 3.5 Data Collection Instruments .................................................................................... 24 3.8Data Collection Procedures ..................................................................................... .25 3.9 Methods of Data Analysis ....................................................................................... 26 CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................................. 28 4.0 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION ..................................... 28 4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 28 4.46 Summaiy of the findings ..................................................................................... .48 CHAPTER FIVE ............................................................................................................... 50 DISCUSSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ................................ 50 5.1 Discussions/ findings ............................................................................................... 50 5.2 recommendations ..................................................................................................... 50 5 .3 Con cl usi:ons .............................................................................................................. .51 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 52 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................... 55 APPENDIX A ................................................................................................................ 55 A QUESTIONNAIRE FOR PARENTS WITH CHILDREN PHYSICALLY DISABILITY ................................................................................................................ .55 APPENDIX B ................................................................................................................ 59 A QUESTIONNAIRE FOR HEAD TEACHERS IN TEACHERS IN SCHOOL WITH SPECIAL UNITS .......................................................................................................... 59 APPENDIX C .... '" .. ''''''''."I"'.',,.''' II II' II'""'' 11 H"' Ol 11111"''" II II'" II II""''"" II 111111, ...... , .... 1, 11 .62 vi A QUESTIONNAIRE FOR TEACHERS TEACHING CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS .......................................................................................................................... 62 APPENDIX D ................................................................................................................ 65 MAP OF RESEARCH AREA ....................................................................................... 65 APPENDIX E ................................................................................................................ 66 TRANSMITTAL LETTER ........................................................................................... 66