ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to empirically compare the performances of formal and informal
sectors solid waste management system in Uyo, with a view to identifying whether variation
exists in their performance. The specific objectives of the study were to: (i) identify and classify
the activities of formal and informal sectors solid waste management in Uyo, (ii) determine the
level of performance of the formal and informal sectors and variation (if any) in solid waste
management in Uyo, (iii) determine residents’ perception of the level of performance of formal
and informal sectors in solid waste management in Uyo. The study adopted the survey research
design method. Data were collected from both secondary and primary sources. Secondary data
sources include books, journals, gazettes, as well as statistics on the volume of waste collected
from Akwa Ibom Environmental Protection and Waste Management Agency. The primary data
were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire which contained three major sections and
21 questions. The questions were structured in 5-point Likert scale using strongly agree, agree,
moderately agree, disagree and strongly disagree. A pilot survey was carried out to test the
clarity of the questions on the questionnaire. Reliability of the test instrument was determined
using Cronbach alpha which yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.85. The sample size of 400
respondents was determined from a sample population of 407,648 resident population of Uyo
(NPC 2006) using Taro Yamane formula. The stratified and purposive sampling techniques were
employed to select the respondents based on the existing three residential densities (low, medium
and high). Stratified sampling technique was used to select the household heads, whereas
purposive sampling method was employed in selecting the Akwa Ibom Environmental Protection
and Waste Management Agency staff (formal sector) and scavengers waste operators (informal
sector) that were sampled. Three hundred and eighty-eight copies of questionnaire representing
(97%) were returned and utilized. The household heads, Akwa Ibom Environmental Protection
and Waste Management Agency staff (formal sectors) and informal sector actors (scavengers)
formed the respondents for the study. The Principal Component Analysis, Analysis of variance
and Chi-Square were used to analyze the data at a significance level of 0.05. The activities of
formal sector in solid waste management in Uyo were: solid waste disposal (36.4%), revenue
generation (24.6%), waste recycling services (12.5%) and providing adequate sanitary services
(12.5%). The activities of the informal sector in solid waste management in Uyo were: waste
disposal (28.2%), resource recovery (23.9%), providing an aesthetic environment (16.8%), flood
control (15.1%) and citizen empowerment (13.5%). The performances of formal sector in solid
waste management in Uyo were: adequate service delivery (11.4%), providing good sanitary
condition (10.8%), promotion of awareness on efficient solid waste management (9.8%),
monitoring solid waste management system (9.5%), conservation of resources (9.2%), and
funding the evacuation of solid waste (8.5%). They cumulatively accounted for 59% variation in
the performance of the formal sector in the management of solid waste in Uyo. This implies that
formal sector operated at 59% performance level. The performance of informal sector in solid
waste management in Uyo were: collection and disposal of solid waste (13.7%), wealth creation
(11.3%), citizen mobilization (9.1%), sensitization on refuse disposal (8.8%), and cost
effectiveness of the informal sector (8.3%), acceptability of the informal sector (7.8%), income
generation (7.4%) and resource recovery (6.7%). They cumulatively accounted for 73% variation
in the performances of the informal sector in the management of solid waste in Uyo. This implies
that the informal sector operated on 73% performance level. There was significant variation (p
0.05). The study also recommended thatgovernment should actively pursue formal and informal sector synergy.
, B & SILAS, U (2021). Comparative Analysis Of The Performances Of Formal And Informal Sectors In Solid Waste Management In Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Afribary. Retrieved from https://tracking.afribary.com/works/comparative-analysis-of-the-performances-of-formal-and-informal-sectors-in-solid-waste-management-in-uyo-akwa-ibom-state-nigeria
, BASSEY and UWEM SILAS "Comparative Analysis Of The Performances Of Formal And Informal Sectors In Solid Waste Management In Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria" Afribary. Afribary, 05 May. 2021, https://tracking.afribary.com/works/comparative-analysis-of-the-performances-of-formal-and-informal-sectors-in-solid-waste-management-in-uyo-akwa-ibom-state-nigeria. Accessed 27 Nov. 2024.
, BASSEY, UWEM SILAS . "Comparative Analysis Of The Performances Of Formal And Informal Sectors In Solid Waste Management In Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". Afribary, Afribary, 05 May. 2021. Web. 27 Nov. 2024. < https://tracking.afribary.com/works/comparative-analysis-of-the-performances-of-formal-and-informal-sectors-in-solid-waste-management-in-uyo-akwa-ibom-state-nigeria >.
, BASSEY and SILAS, UWEM . "Comparative Analysis Of The Performances Of Formal And Informal Sectors In Solid Waste Management In Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria" Afribary (2021). Accessed November 27, 2024. https://tracking.afribary.com/works/comparative-analysis-of-the-performances-of-formal-and-informal-sectors-in-solid-waste-management-in-uyo-akwa-ibom-state-nigeria