ABSTRACT On-farm tree planting has been practiced all over the world in order to supplement reserved forests in terms of wood products. On-farm tree planting was a strategy to reduce pressure in the Amani Nature Reserve (ANR), which is biologically important in the Eastern Arc Mountains and globally at large. The objectives of this study were to assess the contribution of on-farm trees in conservation of the biodiversity of ANR. Measurements were taken from total of 135 on-farm plots measuri...
ABSTRACT Market intergration and access, are critical and important aspects to rural poor households. They are a pre-requisite for enhancing agriculture based economic growth through the improvement of competitiveness of farming enterprise and improving rural incomes. Several studies have been conducted on participation and access of small-scale farmers in rice and other crops marketing in Africa, but, specific information on the extent to which small-scale rice farmers are integrated into d...
ABSTRACT Soil physical and hydraulic properties determine soil productivity. Tillage alters the structure and composition of a soil consequently influencing important soil processes such as water, air, heat flux, resistance to root penetration and nutrient availability. Soil layers have distinct physical properties which influence water movement in a profile. This study investigated long term effects of conventional, conservation and no tillage systems with or without initial subsoiling on so...
ABSTRACT African indigenous leafy vegetables (AILVs) contribute significantly to improved nutrition and food security. However, the potential to meet the growing demand for AILVs has not been met. This study determined the effect of agronets on growth, yield and nutritive values of African nightshade and spiderplant. The experiment was laid on a RCBD, replicated thrice. Blue, gray, white, yellow agronets and uncovered plants (control) were used as the treatments. Spiderplant was direct seeded...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Urban Agriculture is crucial to the supply of food especially fresh vegetables in many urban areas including Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. In addition to the supply of food, it serves as a source of employment and income for many urban dwellers. However, the intensive and continued growing of vegetable on same piece of the land tend to trigger enormous pests pressure of diverse species which calls for the most effective and robust pest management practices. As such, most urban...
ABSTRACT Existing literature suggests that determinants of demand for credit have not been well understood and measured. This study was conducted to assess influence of micro enterprises owners’ characteristics on credit demand. The study was also designed to identify lending conditions of semiformal and formal sources of credit in the study area. The study assessed whether the availability of credit sources has influence on micro entrepreneurs’ choice for credit. Data were collected fro...
ABSTRACT Sexual behaviour remains the primary target of AIDS prevention efforts worldwide, it is one kind of human behaviour that continues to affect youths world wide. Despite government efforts and NGOs effort’s to address HIV/AIDS, youths continue to be affected disproportionally. Understanding the socio-cultural context in which sexual behaviour occurs will help to protect youth from HIV/AIDS. The general objective of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and sex...
ABSTRACT Development of maize populations resistant to stem borers depends largely on the existence of useful genes or alleles, which can combine to confer resistance to progenies. Such genes are often available in areas of stress, having been responsible for the survival of such crops over the years. Pink stem borer, Sesamia calamistis (Hampson, Noctuidae) and sugarcane borer, Eldana saccharina (Walker, Pyralidae) are endemic in southeastern Nigeria. Damages caused by the larvae of these mo...
ABSTRACT Adverse soil moisture deficit as a result of high ambient temperatures and high velocity June winds at critical stages of maize growth had been singled out as the most important factor limiting maize yield in Coastal Kenya during long rain season. This study was carried out to study the effect of foliar applied kaolin and coir dust mulch on evapotranspiration and yield of Pwani hybrid 4 maize. A 2x2x4x3 split-split plot design experiment, replicated thrice was set at Pwani University...
ABSTRACT This study was conducted with the objective of assessing the social economic effects of Government´s ban to harvest trees in agroforestry farms on household income in Moshi District, Tanzania. The study was carried out in four villages in four wards in Mamba and Mwika Divisions. The findings show that 84% of villagers agreed that there is social and economic effects caused by the Government´s ban to harvest trees on peoples income. The study found that villagers had lost hopes on ...
ABSTRACT A study to assess the response of pastoralist community towards HIV/AIDS was conducted in two villages of Kilosa district in Morogoro region. A cross sectional research design was adopted whereby a purposive sampling technique was used in combination with simple random sampling method so as to obtain a sample of 51 adult respondents and snow-ball technique was used to obtain 42 youth respondents. In addition 20 key informants were sampled. A structured questionnaire was the main ins...
ABSTRACT A cross sectional study was carried in Mkuranga District, Pwani Region to find out the parents, teachers and pupils factors influencing low literacy in primary schools. Random sampling was used in selecting the study district from Pwani Region. The technique was then used to select 150 pupils from five randomly selected schools in three wards. Through snowballing sampling, pupils were used to obtain 150 parents/guardians. Purposive sampling was employed to select 42 teachers as all ...
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate Participatory Poverty Reduction by Utilization of Water Delivery of Local Empowerment and Environmental Management Project (LEEMP) in Southeast Nigeria as a contribution towards finding water panacea to poverty associated with Livestock Fattening (poultry and fishery), especially during dry season in water stress communities. Also, it was meant to create awareness for Community Driven Development (CDD) Participation. Primary data were obtained fr...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT A study was carried out in Bahi, Kwimba, Ngorongoro and Same districts in Tanzania to assess consumer preferences and meat characteristics of four Small East African (SEA) goat strains raised under traditional livestock production system. The study aimed at determining age, sex and meat cuts preferred by consumers in the four districts and comparing the carcass characteristics of Sonjo, Pare, Gogo and Sukuma goats raised in those districts. To determine the age, sex and mea...
ABSTRACT A 90 days study was conducted to investigate the effect of Chromolaena odorata leaf meal as protein supplement on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Small East African (SEA) goats. Sixteen entire male goats aged 12 to 15 months with mean initial weight of 13.10 ± 0.72 kg were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Four dietary treatments D1, D2, D3 and D4 were formulated with inclusion of Chromolaena odorata...