ABSTRACT This study investigated the antimicrobial and wound healing properties of leaf extracts and ointment formulations of Spermacoce verticillata Linn (Family: Rubiaceae). Three different solvents: acetone, ethanol and water were used in the extraction of phytochemicals from the leaves of Spermacoce verticillata. The bioactive constituents of acetone, aqueous and ethanol extracts were determined using standard phytochemical analytical methods. The cup plate agar diffusion method was ...
Abstract Asthma Is Currently A Worldwide Problem, With Increasing Prevalence In BothR Children And Adults; A Prevalence Rate Of 5 - 10% Has Been Reported For Nigeria. The Pathophysiological Features Of The Disease Are Bronchoconstriction, Airway Hyperresponsiveness And Chronic Inflammation. Drugs Used In The Management Include Bronchodilators Which Are Short-Term Relievers And Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Which Are Long-Term Controllers. Despite The Availability Of Oral And Inhaled Medications,...
Abstract The physicochemical equivalence of twenty-two brands of paracetamol and nine brands of ibuprofen tablets sourced from retail Pharmacy outlets in the Nigerian market to their respective innovator brands were investigated. The uniformity of weight, friability, crushing strength, disintegration and dissolution times and assay of active paracetamol ingredient were used as assessment parameters. All the brands of paracetamol and ibuprofen tablets complied with the official specification...
ABSTRACT The seed oil of Leuconia leucocephala was investigated for its antimicrobial activity and the pharmaceutical properties of its lotion formulation determined. The oil was extracted from the pulverised dried seeds of the Leuconia leucocephala plant by cold maceration in n-hexane. The oil was tested against four bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Esherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and four fungi (Aspergilus niger, Rhizopus stolon, Penicillum notatum and Cand...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bioadhesive properties of native and modified cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) starches. The methods of modification were by pregelatinisation and acetylation. The starch particles were evaluated for characteristics like particle size, swelling ability, viscosity, and mucoadhesion. The mucoadhesive evaluation of the starches were done using the rotating cylinder methods in 0.1M HCl and Phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) to simulate the st...
Abstract Bilayer tablets of aceclofenac sodium were developed using carboxymethylated whit yam (Dioscorea rotundata) starch (CWY) for a fast release layer (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% w/w), and acid-hydrolyzed bitter yam (Dioscorea dumetorum) starch (ABY) for a sustaining layer (27% w/w). Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC)were used as standards.The starches were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), particle size, swelling power, densi...
ABSTRACT This study investigated the incidence, molecular characters and sensitivity to Buchholzia coriacea leaf extract, of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal isolates from tertiary institution students in Delta State. Nasal swabs were collected with sterile swab sticks from nine hundred (900) apparently healthy students in the study areas and cultured on mannitol salt agar. The bacterial isolates (S. aureus) were Gram-stained, and the Gram positive isolates subjected...
ABSTRACT The solubility of gentamicin in various formulation vehicles (oils, surfactants and co-surfactants) was determined using the shake flask method. Emulsifying ability of the surfactants for the selected oil was screened. Different SNEF prototypes were developed following the construction of ternary phase diagrams using water titration method. The effect of drug and other additives on the ternary phase diagrams were studied and the selected formulations were optimized. Optimized formul...
Abstract Background: Release-retarding polymers in matrix tablets play a vital role in controlling drug release from tablets. Objectives: To prepare metoprolol succinate tablets by direct compression using Ofada rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud) starch acetate, degree of substitution (DS) 2.22, as a matrix for sustained release. Materials and methods: The central composite design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate the interactive effects of three variables: percent conte...
ABSTRACT The solubility of gentamicin in various formulation vehicles (oils, surfactants and co-surfactants) was determined using the shake flask method. Emulsifying ability of the surfactants for the selected oil was screened. Different SNEF prototypes were developed following the construction of ternary phase diagrams using water titration method. The effect of drug and other additives on the ternary phase diagrams were studied and the selected formulations were optimized. Optimized formul...
ABSTRACT The present study investigates the possibility of enhancing the solubility, and hence the bioavailability of poorly water soluble glimepiride via formation of polyethylene glycolpolyvinyl caprolactam - polyvinyl acetate grafted copolymer (Soluplus® ) and PEG 4000 based solid dispersions by solvent evaporation technique.Different batches of glimepiride solid dispersions (SD) were prepared using solvent evaporation method with Soluplus® and PEG 4000 as polymer matrix at different ra...
ABSTRACT The present study investigated herb-drug interactions involving cold water extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves, with five classes of antibiotics, namely: Tetracyclines - Tetracycline (TET) and Doxycycline POX); I Penicillins - Penicillin G(PG) and Ampicillin (AMP); Cephalosporins - Cefuroxime (CF); Arninoglycosides -Gentamicycin (GEN) and Streptomycin (STREP) and Fluoroquinolones-Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and Norfloxacin (NF);. In vitro interactions between the neem leaf extract an...
ABSTRACT Pesticides used in agriculture for the control of various pests often leave residues in foodstuffs and these have been shown to pose health hazards, Analysis of pesticide residues in food is one way to determine the level of human exposure to these chemicals and hence their potential human health hazards. Maize (Zea mays L.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) samples purchased from different markets in Lagos State were analyzed for residues of organochlorine, organophosphate and carb...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to develop a reversed-phase chromatographic method for the quantification of atovaquone, with a view to establish the disposition of atovaquone in selected Nigerians, thereby validating the method developed. However, the parameters involved in the HPLC method developed, included the use of an appropriate internal standard, pyrimethamine. In the developmental phase of method development, the following parameters were established an appropriate internal st...
ABSTRACT Moringa oleifera is the most widespread species of the genus Moringa, the only genus in the family Moringaceae. It is a very popular plant used in traditional herbal medicine. Different parts of the plant contain a profile of important minerals and phytochemicals. The leaves and seeds are good sources of proteins, vitamins, beta-carotene, amino acids, and phenolic compounds. Study was carried out to check chemical constituents of leaves and seed oil of M. oleifera obtained from Ikor...